@article{PenateMedina2021,
   author = {Peñate Medina, T;Kolb, J P;Hüttmann, G;Huber, R;Peñate Medina, O;Ha, L;Ulloa, P;Larsen, N;Ferrari, A;Rafecas, M;Ellrichmann, M;Pravdivtseva, M S.;Anikeeva, M;Humbert, J;Both, M;Hundt, J E. and Hövener, J-B},
   title = {Imaging Inflammation - From Whole Body Imaging to Cellular Resolution},
   journal = {Frontiers in immunology},
keywords = {AG-Huber, MRI, PET, SPECT, optical imaging, Optical coherence tomography (OCT), precision medicine, Two-Photon microscopy (TPM), hyperpolarization},
   volume = {12},
   pages = {692222-692222},
   ISSN = {1664-3224},
   DOI = {10.3389/fimmu.2021.692222},
   url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34248987
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8264453/},
   year = {2021},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{9542126,
  author={Grill, Christin and Lotz, Simon and Blömker, Torben and Schmidt, Mark and Draxinger, Wolfgang and Kolb, Jan Philip and Jirauschek, Christian and Huber, Robert},
  booktitle={2021 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)}, 
  title={Superposition of two independent FDML lasers}, 
  year={2021},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={1-1},
  abstract={Fourier domain mode locking (FDML) is a laser operating regime, which was developed in 2005 [1] . The output of this laser is a train of optical wavelength sweeps, equivalent to extremely chirped pulses with an optical bandwidth of up to 25 THz and frequency tuning rates of >10 19 Hz/s. This laser type was developed for optical coherence tomography [2] , but found recently more and more applications like LiDAR [3] , Raman microscopy [4] or two-photon microscopy [5] . The laser’s coherence properties are relevant for a better understanding of the FDML laser itself and its applications. Because of the wide sweep range and high tuning rate, the laser linewidth cannot be measured with an RF spectrometer. Superposition with a narrowband continuous wave laser only yields phase information for small fractions of the sweep [6] . However, beat signal measurements between two independent FDML lasers with equal sweep range and direction can give information about the complete sweep.},
  keywords={},
  doi={10.1109/CLEO/Europe-EQEC52157.2021.9542126},
  ISSN={},
  month={June}
}

@inproceedings{Pfeiffer2021,
author = {T. Pfeiffer, T. Klein, A. Mlynek, W. Wieser, S. Lotz, C. Grill and R. Huber},
title = {{High finesse tunable Fabry-Perot filters in Fourier-domain modelocked lasers}},
volume = {11630},
booktitle = {Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Domain Optical Methods in Biomedicine XXV},
editor = {Joseph A. Izatt and James G. Fujimoto},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
abstract = {We demonstrate that the coherence roll-off and dynamic range of OCT systems using Fourier-domain mode-locked (FDML) lasers can be significantly improved by a fiber Fabry-Perot tunable filter (FFP-TF) with a finesse of more than 3000, a more than fivefold improvement over previous designs. In contrast to previous work, standard resampling using a pre-acquired signal (as in SD-OCT) with no k-clocking is sufficient for 20 nm and 100 nm sweep range, significantly reducing the system complexity. 3D-OCT imaging at 20 cm imaging range is demonstrated.},
keywords = {AG-Huber_FDML, AG-Huber_OCT, optical coherence tomography, FDML laser, swept source laser, high finesse, Fabry-Perot, MHz-OCT, OCT, tunable laser},
year = {2021},
URL = {hhttps://doi.org/10.1117/12.2583501}
}

@article{Gottschall2021,
   author = {T. Gottschall, T. Meyer-Zedler, M. Schmitt, R. Huber, J. Popp, A. Tünnermann and J. Limpert},
   title = {Ultra-compact tunable fiber laser for coherent anti-Stokes Raman imaging},
   journal = {JRS},
  keywords = { AG-Huber_NL, coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy, four-wave mixing, nonlinear
microscopy, ultrafast laser},
   ISSN = {0377-0486},   
   url = {https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jrs.6171},
   year = {2021},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inproceedings{Grill2021,
author = {C. Grill, T. Blömker, M. Schmidt, D. Kastner, T. Pfeiffer, J.P. Kolb, W. Draxinger, S. Karpf, C. Jirauschek and R. Huber},
title = {{A detailed analysis of the coherence and field properties of an FDML laser by time resolved beat signal measurements}},
volume = {11665},
booktitle = {Fiber Lasers XVIII: Technology and Systems},
editor = {Michalis N. Zervas},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {242 -- 247},
keywords = {AG-Huber_FDML, Fourier domain mode locking, FDML laser, laser beating , tunable laser, optical coherence tomography, OCT},
year = {2021},
URL = {hhttps://doi.org/10.1117/12.2578293}
}

@article{Lotz2021,
   author = {S. Lotz, C. Grill, M. Göb, W. Draxinger, J.P. Kolb and R. Huber},
   title = {Cavity length control for Fourier domain mode locked (FDML) lasers with µm precision},
   journal = {Biomedical Optics Express},
   volume = {12(5)},
   keywords={AG-Huber_FDML},
   pages = {2604-2616},
   url = {https://doi.org/10.1364/BOE.422898},
   year = {2021},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inproceedings{Strenge2021A,
author = {P. Strenge, B. Lange, C. Grill, W. Draxinger, V. Danicke, D. Theisen-Kunde, H. Handels, M. Bonsanto, C. Hagel, R. Huber and R. Brinkmann},
title = {{Characterization of brain tumor tissue with 1310 nm optical coherence tomography}},
volume = {11630},
booktitle = {Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Domain Optical Methods in Biomedicine XXV},
editor = {Joseph A. Izatt and James G. Fujimoto},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {74 -- 80},
abstract = {The separation of tumorous brain tissue and healthy brain tissue is still a big challenge in the field of neurosurgery, especially when it comes to the detection of different infiltration grades of glioblastoma multiforme at the tumor border. On the basis of a recently created labelled OCT dataset of ex vivo glioblastoma multiforme tumor samples the detection of brain tumor tissue and the identification of zones with varying degrees of infiltration of tumor cells was investigated. The identification was based on the optical properties, which were extracted by an exponential fit function. The results showed that a separation of tumorous tissue and healthy white matter based on these optical properties is possible. A support vector machine was trained on the optical properties to separate tumor from healthy white matter tissue, which achieved a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 76% on an independent training dataset.},
keywords = {AG-Huber_OCT, optical coherence tomography, OCT, glioblastoma multiforme, MHz-OCT, brain imaging, tumor, neurosurgery},
year = {2021},
URL = {hhttps://doi.org/10.1117/12.2578409}
}

@Conference{Lamminger2021,
  author    = {P. Lamminger, M. Loop, J. Klee, D. Weng, J.P. Kolb, M. Strauch, S. Karpf and R. Huber},
  booktitle = {Multimodal Biomedical Imaging XVI},
  title     = {Combination of two-photon microscopy and optical coherence tomography with fully fiber-based lasers for future endoscopic setups},
  year      = {2021},
  publisher = {SPIE},
  doi       = {10.1117/12.2578679},
  keywords  = {AG-Huber_NL, AG-Huber_OCT},
}

@inproceedings{Strenge2021,
author = {P. Strenge, B. Lange, C. Grill, W. Draxinger, V. Danicke, D. Theisen-Kunde, H. Handels, C. Hagel, M. Bonsanto, R. Huber and R. Brinkmann},
title = {{Creating a depth-resolved OCT-dataset for supervised classification based on ex vivo human brain samples}},
volume = {11630},
booktitle = {Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Domain Optical Methods in Biomedicine XXV},
editor = {Joseph A. Izatt and James G. Fujimoto},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {66 -- 73},
abstract = {Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has the potential to become an additional imaging modality for surgical guidance in the field of neurosurgery, especially when it comes to the detection of different infiltration grades of glioblastoma multiforme at the tumor border. Interpretation of the images, however, is still a big challenge. A method to create a labeled OCT dataset based on ex vivo brain samples is introduced. The tissue samples were embedded in an agarose mold giving them a distinctive shape before images were acquired with two OCT systems (spectral domain (SD) and swept source (SS) OCT) and histological sections were created and segmented by a neuropathologist. Based on the given shape, the corresponding OCT images for each histological image can be determined. The transfer of the labels from the histological images onto the OCT images was done with a non-affine image registration approach based on the tissue shape. It was demonstrated that finding OCT images of a tissue sample corresponding to segmented histological images without any color or laser marking is possible. It was also shown that the set labels can be transferred onto OCT images. The accuracy of method is 26 ± 11 pixel, which translates to 192 ± 75 μm for the SS-OCT and 94 ± 43 μm for the SD-OCT. The dataset consists of several hundred labeled OCT images, which can be used to train a classification algorithm.},
keywords = {AG-Huber_OCT, optical coherence tomography, OCT, image registration, glioblastoma multiforme, MHz-OCT, brain imaging, tumor, neurosurgery},
year = {2021},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2578391}
}

@inproceedings{RN5318,
   author = {Strauch, M;Kolb, J P;Draxinger, W;Popp, A-K;Wacker, M;Merg, N;Hundt, J;Karpf, S and Huber, R},
   title = {Sectioning-free virtual H&E histology with fiber-based two-photon microscopy},
   booktitle = {SPIE BiOS},
   publisher = {SPIE},
   volume = {11648},
Year = {2021},
   DOI = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2578334},
   url = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2578334},
   type = {Conference Proceedings}
}

@Article{Schmidt2021,
  author   = {M. Schmidt, C. Grill, S. Lotz, T. Pfeiffer, R. Hubert and C. Jirauschek},
  journal  = {Applied Physics B},
  title    = {Intensity pattern types in broadband Fourier domain mode-locked (FDML) lasers operating beyond the ultra-stable regime},
  year     = {2021},
  issn     = {1432-0649},
  number   = {5},
  pages    = {60},
  volume   = {127},
keywords={AG-Huber_FDML},
  abstract = {We report on the formation of various intensity pattern types in detuned Fourier domain mode-locked (FDML) lasers and identify the corresponding operating conditions. Such patterns are a result of the complex laser dynamics and serve as an ideal tool for the study of the underlying physical processes as well as for model verification. By numerical simulation we deduce that the formation of patterns is related to the spectral position of the instantaneous laser lineshape with respect to the transmission window of the swept bandpass filter. The spectral properties of the lineshape are determined by a long-term accumulation of phase-offsets, resulting in rapid high-amplitude intensity fluctuations in the time domain due to the narrow intra-cavity bandpass filter and the fast response time of the semiconductor optical amplifier gain medium. Furthermore, we present the distribution of the duration of dips in the intensity trace by running the laser in the regime in which dominantly dips form, and give insight into their evolution over a large number of roundtrips.},
  doi      = {10.1007/s00340-021-07600-1},
  refid    = {Schmidt2021},
}

@inproceedings{LotzLASE2021,
author = {S. Lotz, C. Grill, M. Göb, W. Draxinger, J. P. Kolb and R. Huber},
title = {{Characterization of the dynamics of an FDML laser during closed-loop cavity length control}},
volume = {11665},
booktitle = {Fiber Lasers XVIII: Technology and Systems},
editor = {Michalis N. Zervas},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {236 -- 241},
abstract = {In Fourier domain mode locked (FDML) lasers, extremely precise and stable matching of the filter tuning period and light circulation time in the cavity is essential for ultra-low noise operation. During the operation of FDML lasers, the ultra-low noise mode can be lost due to temperature drifts of the already temperature stabilized cavity resulting in increased intensity noise. Until now, the filter frequency is continuously regulated to match the changing light circulation time. However, this causes the filter frequency to constantly change by a few mHz and leads to synchronization issues in cases where a fixed filter frequency is desired. We present an actively cavity length controlled FDML laser and a robust and high precision feedback loop algorithm for maintaining ultra-low noise operation. Instead of adapting the filter frequency, the cavity length is adjusted by a motorized free space beam path to match the fixed filter frequency. The closed-loop system achieves a stability of ~0.18 mHz at a sweep repetition rate of ~418 kHz which corresponds to a ratio of 4×10<sup>-10</sup>. We investigate the coherence properties during the active cavity length adjustments and observe no noise increase compared to fixed cavity length. The cavity length control is fully functional and for the first time, offers the possibility to operate an FDML laser in sweet spot mode at a fixed frequency or phase locked to an external clock. This opens new possibilities for system integration of FDML lasers.},
keywords = {AG-Huber_FDML, FDML, Fourier domain mode locking, laser beating, tunable laser, optical coherence tomography, OCT},
year = {2021},
URL = {hhttps://doi.org/10.1117/12.2578514}
}

@Conference{Strauch2021b,
  author    = {M. Strauch, J.P. Kolb, C. Rose, N. Merg, J. Hundt, C. Kümpers, S. Perner, S. Karpf and R. Hubert},
  booktitle = {Virtuelle Pathologietage},
  title     = {Comparison of Sectioning-free Multiphoton Histology to H&E FFPE imaging},
  year      = {2021},
  keywords  = {AG-Huber_NL},
}

@article{Münter2021,
   author = {M. Münter, M. Pieper, T. Kohlfaerber, E. Bodenstorfer, M. Ahrens, C. Winter, R. Huber, P. König, G. Hüttmann and H. Schulz-Hildebrandt},
   title = {Microscopic optical coherence tomography (mOCT) at 600 kHz for 4D volumetric imaging and dynamic contrast},
   journal = {BiomedOptE},
   volume = {12(10)},
   Keywords = {CMOS cameras,Full field optical coherence tomography,High numerical aperture optics, Image processing,In vivo imaging,Medical imaging,Ag-Huber},
   pages = {6024-6039},
   DOI = {10.1364/BOE.425001},
  
   year = {2021},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@Conference{Strauch2021,
  author    = {M. Strauch, J.P. Kolb, C. Rose, N. Merg, J. Hundt, C. Kümpers, S. Perner, S. Karpf and R. Huber},
  booktitle = {33rd Congress of the ESP},
  title     = {Quick sectioning-free H&E imaging of bulk tissue using multiphoton microscopy},
  year      = {2021},
  keywords  = {AG-Huber_NL},
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Schmidt2020ICLO,
  author={M. {Schmidt}, C. {Grill}, R. {Huber} and C. {Jirauschek}},
  booktitle={2020 International Conference Laser Optics (ICLO)}, 
  title={Coherence of Fourier Domain Mode-Locked (FDML) Lasers in the Ultra-Stable Regime}, 
  year={2020},
keywords={AG-Huber_FDML},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={1-1},
  doi={10.1109/ICLO48556.2020.9285488},
}

@article{Pfeiffer:20,
author = {T. Pfeiffer, M. G\"{o}b, W. Draxinger, S. Karpf, J.P. Kolb and R. Huber},
journal = {Biomed. Opt. Express},
keywords = {AG-Huber_OCT; High speed imaging; Image quality; Optical coherence tomography; Swept lasers; Swept sources; Systems design},
number = {11},
pages = {6799--6811},
publisher = {OSA},
title = {Flexible A-scan rate MHz-OCT: efficient computational downscaling by coherent averaging},
volume = {11},
month = {Nov},
year = {2020},
doi = {10.1364/BOE.402477},
abstract = {In order to realize adjustable A-scan rates of fast optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems, we investigate averaging of OCT image data acquired with a MHz-OCT system based on a Fourier Domain Mode Locked (FDML) laser. Increased system sensitivity and image quality can be achieved with the same system at the cost of lower imaging speed. Effectively, the A-scan rate can be reduced in software by a freely selectable factor. We demonstrate a detailed technical layout of the strategies necessary to achieve efficient coherent averaging. Since there are many new challenges specific to coherent averaging in swept source MHz-OCT, we analyze them point by point and describe the appropriate solutions. We prove that coherent averaging is possible at MHz OCT-speed without special interferometer designs or digital phase stabilization. We find, that in our system up to \&\#x223C;100x coherent averaging is possible while achieving a sensitivity increase close to the ideal values. This corresponds to a speed reduction from 3.3 MHz to 33 kHz and a sensitivity gain of 20 dB. We show an imaging comparison between coherent and magnitude averaging of a human finger knuckle joint in vivo with 121\&\#x00A0;dB sensitivity for the coherent case. Further, the benefits of computational downscaling in low sensitivity MHz-OCT systems are analyzed.},
}

@InProceedings{Strauch2020,
  author    = {M. Strauch, J.P. Kolb, D. Weng, M. Wacker, W. Draxinger, N. Merg, J. Hundt, S. Karpf and R. Huber},
  booktitle = {104. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft fuer Pathologie},
  title     = {Two-photon microscopy for sectioning-free virtual {H&E} imaging},
URL = {https://www.pathologie-dgp.de/media/Dgp/user_upload/Verhandlungsband_2020_final__kompr._.pdf},
  year      = {2020},
  keywords  = {AG-Huber_NL},
}

@article{schmidt2020self,
  title={Self-stabilization mechanism in ultra-stable Fourier domain mode-locked (FDML) lasers},
  author={M. {Schmidt}, T. {Pfeiffer}, C. {Grill}, R. {Huber} and C. {Jirauschek}},
  journal={OSA Continuum},
  volume={3},
  number={6},
  pages={1589--1607},
  year={2020},
keywords={AG-Huber_FDML},
url={https://doi.org/10.1364/OSAC.389972}, 
  publisher=  {Optical Society of America}
}

@PhdThesis{Strauch2020,
  author      = {M. Strauch},
  title       = {Tunable Optics: Spectral Imaging and Surface Manipulation on Liquid Lenses},
  institution = {Delft University of Technology},
  year        = {2020},
  date        = {2020-03-30},
  type        = {phdthesis},
  subtitle    = {Spectral Imaging and Surface Manipulation on Liquid Lenses},
  language    = {English},
  isbn        = {978-94-028-1994-6},
  pagetotal   = {151},
  doi         = {10.4233/uuid:b61aa64e-cba4-44c0-8d16-93440e028611},
  
  abstract    = {This thesis focusses on two aspects of tunable optics: Fabry-P{\'e}rot interferometers with a variable distance between their mirrors and electrowetting liquid lenses. The need for a device to detect child abuse has motivated us to design and build a camera that can detect the chemical composition of the upper skin layers of a bruise using a self-made Fabry-P{\'e}rot interferometer. The research described in the first part of this thesis has shown that wide-angle spectral imaging can be achieved with compact and cost-effective cameras using Fabry-P{\'e}rot interferometers. Designs with a full field of 90° in which the Fabry-P{\'e}rot interferometer is mounted either in front of an imaging system or behind a telecentric lens system are presented and analysed. The dependency of the spectral resolution on the numerical aperture of the lens system is derived and its value as a design criterion is shown. It is shown that the telecentric camera design is preferable over the collimated design for bruise imaging with a Fabry-P{\'e}rot interferometer.The idea to use a liquid lens for spectral imaging has directed the research towards a new concept of controlling surface waves on the surface of a liquid lens. We investigate and model surface waves because they decrease the imaging quality during fast focal switching. We propose a model that describes the surface modes appearing on a liquid lens and that predicts the resonance frequencies. The effects of those surface modes on a laser beam are simulated using geometrical optics and Fresnel propagation, and the model is verified experimentally. The model of the surface oscillations is used to develop a technique to create aspheric surface shapes on commercially available electrowetting liquid lenses. The surface waves on the liquid lens are described by Bessel functions of which a linear combination can be used to create any circularly symmetrical aspheric lens shape at an instant of time. With these surface profiles, one can realise a large set of circularly symmetrical wavefronts and hence intensity distributions of beams transmitted by the lens. The necessary liquid lens actuation to achieve a desired shape is calculated via a Hankel transform and confirmed experimentally. The voltage signal can be repeated at video rate. Measurements taken with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer confirm the model of the surface waves. The capabilities and limitations of the proposed method are demonstrated using the examples of a Bessel surface, spherical aberration, an axicon, and a top hat structure.},
keywords = {AG-Huber},
  address     = {Delft},
  publisher   = {Delft University of Technology},
  school      = {Delft University of Technology},
}

@inproceedings{Grill2020,
author = {C. {Grill}, S. {Lotz}, T. {Blömker}, D. {Kastner}, T. {Pfeiffer}, S. {Karpf}, M. {Schmidt}, W. {Draxinger}, C. 
 {Jirauschek} and R. {Huber}},
title = {{Beating of two FDML lasers in real time}},
volume = {11260},
booktitle = {Fiber Lasers XVII: Technology and Systems},
editor = {Liang Dong},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {132 -- 138},
keywords = {AG-Huber_FDML, FDML laser, fiber lasers, beat signal, OCT, Optical Coherence Tomography, Fourier domain mode locking},
year = {2020},
doi = {10.1117/12.2545794},

}

@inproceedings{Strenge2020,
author = {P. Strenge and B. Lange and C. Grill and W. Draxinger and M. M. Bonsanto and C. Hagel and R. Huber and R. Brinkmann},
title = {{Segmented OCT data set for depth resolved brain tumor detection validated by histological analysis}},
volume = {11228},
booktitle = {Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Domain Optical Methods in Biomedicine XXIV},
editor = {Joseph A. Izatt and James G. Fujimoto},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {82 -- 89},
keywords = {AG-Huber_OCT, Optical coherence tomography, OCT, FDML Laser, MHz-OCT, brain tumor, brain imaging, neurosurgery},
year = {2020},

URL = {  https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/11228/112282O/Segmented-OCT-data-set-for-depth-resolved-brain-tumor-detection/10.1117/12.2545659.short}
}

@article{Cecchetti2020,
  doi = {10.1007/s10554-020-01796-7},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-020-01796-7},
  year = {2020},
  month = feb,
  publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}},
  volume = {36},
  number = {6},
  pages = {1021--1029},
  author = {Leonardo Cecchetti and Tianshi Wang and Ayla Hoogendoorn and Karen T. Witberg and Jurgen M. R. Ligthart and Joost Daemen and Heleen M. M. van Beusekom and Tom Pfeiffer and Robert A. Huber and Jolanda J. Wentzel and Antonius F. W. van der Steen and Gijs van Soest},
  title = {In-vitro and in-vivo imaging of coronary artery stents with Heartbeat {OCT}},
  journal = {The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging}
}

@InProceedings{Strauch2020a,
  author    = {M. Strauch, J.P. Kolb, N. Merg, J. Hundt, S. Karpf and R. Huber},
  booktitle = {32nd Congress of the ESP and XXXIII International Congress of the IAP},
  title     = {Evaluation of two-photon fluorescence microscopy for sectioning-free {H&E} imaging of different tissues},
  year      = {2020},
  keywords  = {AG-Huber_NL},
}

@article{Lopez-Marin:19,
author = {Antonio L\'{o}pez-Mar\'{i}n and Geert Springeling and Robert Beurskens and Heleen van Beusekom and Antonius F. W. van der Steen and Arjun D. Koch and Brett E. Bouma and Robert Huber and Gijs van Soest and Tianshi Wang},
journal = {Opt. Lett.},
keywords = {Image reconstruction; Light beams; Magnetic fields; Optical coherence tomography; Optical imaging; Reflector design},
number = {15},
pages = {3641--3644},
publisher = {Optica Publishing Group},
title = {Motorized capsule for shadow-free OCT imaging and synchronous beam control},
volume = {44},
month = {Aug},
year = {2019},
url = {https://opg.optica.org/ol/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-44-15-3641},
doi = {10.1364/OL.44.003641},
abstract = {We demonstrate a tethered motorized capsule for unobstructed optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of the esophagus. By using a distal reflector design, we avoided the common shadow artifact induced by the motor wires. A synchronous driving technique features three types of beam-scanning modes of the capsule, i.e., circumferential beam scanning, localized beam scanning, and accurate beam positioning. We characterized these three modes and carried out ex vivo imaging experiments using the capsule. The results show that the capsule can potentially be a useful tool for diagnostic OCT imaging and OCT-guided biopsy and therapy of the esophagus.},
}