@inproceedings{Vogel1998-2,
   author = {Vogel, Alfred and Noack, Joachim and Nahen, Kester and Theisen, Dirk and Busch, Stefan and Parlitz, Ulrich and Hammer, Daniel X and Noojin, Gary D and Rockwell, Benjamin A and Birngruber, Reginald},
   title = {Energy balance of optical breakdown in water},
   booktitle = {BiOS'98 International Biomedical Optics Symposium},
   publisher = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
   pages = {168-179},
   type = {Conference Proceedings},
URL = { https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/3254/0000/Energy-balance-of-optical-breakdown-in-water/10.1117/12.308162.short},
Year = { 1998}
}

@inproceedings{Vogel1998,
   author = {Vogel, Alfred and Noack, Joachim and Nahen, Kester and Theisen, Dirk and Birngruber, Reginald and Hammer, Daniel X and Noojin, Gary D and Rockwell, Benjamin A},
   title = {Laser-induced breakdown in the eye at pulse durations from 80 ns to 100 fs},
   booktitle = {BiOS'98 International Biomedical Optics Symposium},
   publisher = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
   pages = {34-49},
   type = {Conference Proceedings},
URL = { https://doi.org/10.1117/12.308220},
year = { 1998}
}

@inproceedings{Vogel1998-1,
   author = {Vogel, Alfred and Nahen, Kester and Theisen, Dirk and Birngruber, Reginald and Thomas, Robert J and Rockwell, Benjamin A},
   title = {Influence of optical aberrations on laser-induced plasma formation in water and their consequences for intraocular photodisruption},
   booktitle = {BiOS'98 International Biomedical Optics Symposium},
   publisher = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
   pages = {120-131},
   type = {Conference Proceedings},
Year = { 1998}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{676586,
  author={Huber, R. and Koch, M. and Perner, M. and Spirkl, W. and Feldmann, J.},
  booktitle={Technical Digest. Summaries of Papers Presented at the Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Conference Edition. 1998 Technical Digest Series, Vol.6 (IEEE Cat. No.98CH36178)}, 
  title={Time-resolved thermal expansion of an STM tip after ultrafast optical excitation}, 
  year={1998},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={526-527},
  doi={10.1109/CLEO.1998.676586}}

@inproceedings{Brinkmann1996-7,
   author = {Brinkmann, Ralf and Kampmeier, Juergen and Grotehusmann, Ulf and Vogel, Alfred and Koop, Norbert and Asiyo-Vogel, Mary and Birngruber, Reginald},
   title = {Corneal collagen denaturation in laser thermokeratoplasty},
   volume = {2681},
   pages = {56-63},
   note = {10.1117/12.239611},
   abstract = {In laserthermokeratoplasty (LTK) thermal denaturation and shrinkage of corneal collagen is used to correct hyperopia and astigmatism. In order to optimize dosimetry, the temperature at which maximal shrinkage of collagen fibrils occurs is of major interest. Since the exposure time in clinical LTK-treatment is limited to a few seconds, the kinetics of collagen denaturation as a rate process has to be considered, thus the time of exposure is of critical importance for threshold and shrinkage temperatures. We investigated the time-temperature correlation for corneal collagen denaturation within different time domains by turbidimetry of scattered HeNe laser probe light using a temperature controlled water bath and pulsed IR laser irradiation. In the temperature range of 60 degree(s)C to 95 degree(s)C we found an exponential relation between the denaturation time and temperature. For the typical LTK-treatment time of 2 s, a temperature of 95 degree(s)C is needed to induce thermal damage. Use of pulsed Holmium laser radiation gave significant scattering of HeNe laser probe light at calculated temperatures of around 100 degree(s)DC. Rate parameters according to the formalism of Arrhenius were fitted to these results. Force measurements showed the simultaneous onset of light scattering and collagen shrinkage.},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.239611},
   type = {Conference Proceedings},
Year ={  1996}
}

@inproceedings{Hüttmann1,
   author = {Hüttmann, G. and Hendrich, C. and Birngruber, R. and Lehnert, C. and Seara, J. and Siebert, W. E. and Diddens, H.},
   title = {Protoporphyrin IX distribution after intra-articular and systemic application of 5-aminolevulinic acid in healthy and arthritic joints . 
Mechanisms and Techniques in Photodynamic Therapy V,},
   booktitle = {Proc. SPIE},
   volume = {2675},
   pages = {238-242},
Year = { 1996}

}

@inproceedings{Hüttmann,
   author = {Hüttmann, G. and Achtelik, W. and Löning, M. and Sommer, K. and Diddens, H.},
   title = {Fluorescence microscopy studies on ALA sensitized tissues},
   booktitle = {SPIE Proc.},
   volume = {2926},
   pages = {24-31},
year = { 1996},
URL = {  https://doi.org/10.1117/12.260815}

}

@inproceedings{Pan,
   author = {Pan, Y. and Engelhardt, R. and Rosperich, J. and Hüttmann, G. and Birngruber, R.},
   title = {Measurement of Optical-Transport-Coefficients of Intralipid in Visible and NIR Range},
   booktitle = {Proc. SPIE},
   volume = {2134A},
   pages = {354-363},
Year = { 1994},
URL = { https://doi.org/10.1117/12.182954}

}

@inproceedings{Hüttmann,
   author = {Hüttmann, G. and Churio, S. and Braslavsky, S.E. and Birngruber, R.},
   title = {The Possibility of Measuring Thermal Protein Denaturation by an Optoacoustic Method.},
   booktitle = {Proc. SPIE},
   volume = {2077},
   pages = {202-212},
url = { https://doi.org/10.1117/12.168030},
year = { 1994}

}

@inproceedings{Vogel1993,
   author = {Vogel, Alfred and Busch, Stefan and Asiyo-Vogel, Mary},
   title = {Time-resolved measurements of shock-wave emission and cavitation-bubble generation in intraocular laser surgery with ps- and ns-pulses and related tissue effects},
   volume = {1877},
   pages = {312-322},
   note = {10.1117/12.147544},
   abstract = {Intraocular microsurgery relies on plasma generation with subsequent shock wave emission and cavitation bubble formation. To assess the potentials of photodisruption with picosecond pulses in comparison to the clinical techniques presently used, the shock wave characteristics and the bubble expension after optical breakdown with picosecond and nanosecond laser pulses were investigated by time resolved photography and acoustic measurements. Nd:YAG laser pulses with a wavelength of 1064 nm and a duration of 30 ps and 6 ns were focused into a water-filled glass cuvette. Their breakdown thresholds were 15 (mu) J and 200 (mu) J, respectively. Frequency doubled light from the same laser pulses was optically delayed between 2 ns and 136 ns and used as illumination source for photography. Since the individual events were well reproducible, the shock wave position and bubble wall position could be determined as a function of time. From the slope of these r(t) curves, the shock wave and bubble wall velocities were determined. The shock wave pressure p(r) was calculated from the shock velocity using the `jump conditions' of the shock front and the equation of state of water. The collateral effects of intraocular microsurgery can thus be considerably reduced by using ps-pulses, and with series of ps-pulses a `laser scalpel' may be realized which offers new applications of photodisruption.},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.147544},
   type = {Conference Proceedings},
year = { 1993}
}

@inproceedings{Gabel1980,
   author = {Gabel, V. P. and Birngruber, Reginald},
   title = {Comperative Experiments on Laser Threshold in Rabbits and Human Volunteers},
   booktitle = {Proc. 3rd Internat. Congress for Laser Surgery, Part II},
   editor = {Gabler, V P and Birngruber, Reginald},
   series = {Laser Surgery},
   publisher = {OT-PAZ},
   pages = {246-249},

}

@inproceedings{Weinberg1980,
   author = {Weinberg, W and Birngruber, Reginald and Gabel, V P and Kain, H},
   title = {Influence of Choroidal Blood Flow in Retinal Laser Coagulation},
   booktitle = {Proc. 3rd Internat Congress for Laser Surgery, Part II},
   editor = {Kaplan I, Asher PW},
   series = {Laser Surgery},
   publisher = {OT-PAZ},
   pages = {242-243},

}

@inproceedings{Gabel1979,
   author = {Gabel, V. P. and Birngruber, R.},
   title = {Physical and Medical Aspects of Laser Safety},
   booktitle = {Laser 79, Opto-Electronics Conference proceedings},
   editor = {Waidlich, W.},
   publisher = {IPC Science and Technology Press Ltd.},
   pages = {6555-6591},
year = { 1979}

}

@inproceedings{Gabel1978,
   author = {Gabel, V. P. and Birngruber, R. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {Visible and near infrared light absorption in pigment epithelium and choroid.},
   booktitle = {XXIII Concilium Ophthalmologicum},
   editor = {Shimizu, Koichi},
   series = {International Congress Series No. 450},
   pages = {658-662},
year = { 1978},
URL = { https://www.bmo.uni-luebeck.de/fileadmin/files/publications/Gabel__1978_Proc._SPIE_Visible_and_near_infrared_light_absorption_in_pigment_epithelium_and_choroid.pdf}

}

@inproceedings{Weinberg1977,
   author = {Weinberg, W. and Gabel, V. P. and Birngruber, Reginald and McCord, R.},
   title = {Zur Messung der Korrelation von Temperaturverteilung und Lichtreflexion am Augenhintergrund bei Laser-Koagulation},
   booktitle = {GSF-Bericht BPT 5},
   volume = {17},

}

@inproceedings{Schulz-Hildebrandt2019,
author = {Schulz-Hildebrandt, Hinnerk and Meyer-Schell, Naja and Casper, Malte and Evers, Michael and Birngruber, Reginald and Manstein, Dieter and H{\"{u}}ttmann, Gereon},
booktitle = {Proc. SPIE 11073, Clinical and Preclinical Optical Diagnostics II},
doi = {10.1117/12.2527087},
isbn = {9781510628397},
number = {110730L},
pages = {1--3},
title = {{Monitoring temperature induced phase changes in subcutaneous fatty tissue using an astigmatism corrected dynamic needle probe}},
keywords = {OCT, Endoskope},
year = { 2019}
}

@inproceedings{Vogel2018,
   author = {Uzunbajakava, N E; Varghese, B; Botchkareva, N V; Verhagen, R and Vogel, A},
   title = {Highlighting the nuances behind interaction of picosecond pulses with human skin: Relating distinct laser-tissue interactions to their potential in cutaneous interventions},
   booktitle = {Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE},
   volume = {10492} ,
   DOI = {10.1117/12.2307804},
   year = {2018},
date = {2018-20-02},
   type = {Conference Proceedings},
year = { 2018}
}

@inproceedings{Bliedtner2017,
   author = {Bliedtner, K; Seifert, E; Brinkmann, R and  Amelink A},
   title = {Real Time Speckle Monitoring to Control Retinal Photocoagulation},
   booktitle = {Proc. SPIE},
   
   pages = {1041308-1-7},
  
url = { https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2287815},
Year = { 2017}
}

@inproceedings{Bliedtner2016,
   author = {Bliedtner, Katharina and Seifert, Eric and Stockmann, Leoni and Effe, Lisa and Brinkmann, Ralf},
   title = {Towards real time speckle controlled retinal photocoagulation},
   volume = {9693},
   pages = {96931A-96931A-6},
   note = {10.1117/12.2212703},
   abstract = {Photocoagulation is a laser treatment widely used for the therapy of several retinal diseases. Intra- and inter-individual variations of the ocular transmission, light scattering and the retinal absorption makes it impossible to achieve a uniform effective exposure and hence a uniform damage throughout the therapy. A real-time monitoring and control of the induced damage is highly requested. Here, an approach to realize a real time optical feedback using dynamic speckle analysis is presented. A 532 nm continuous wave Nd:YAG laser is used for coagulation. During coagulation, speckle dynamics are monitored by a coherent object illumination using a 633nm HeNe laser and analyzed by a CMOS camera with a frame rate up to 1 kHz. It is obvious that a control system needs to determine whether the desired damage is achieved to shut down the system in a fraction of the exposure time. Here we use a fast and simple adaption of the generalized difference algorithm to analyze the speckle movements. This algorithm runs on a FPGA and is able to calculate a feedback value which is correlated to the thermal and coagulation induced tissue motion and thus the achieved damage. For different spot sizes (50-200 μm) and different exposure times (50-500 ms) the algorithm shows the ability to discriminate between different categories of retinal pigment epithelial damage ex-vivo in enucleated porcine eyes. Furthermore in-vivo experiments in rabbits show the ability of the system to determine tissue changes in living tissue during coagulation.},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2212703},
   type = {Conference Proceedings},
year = { 2016}
}

@inproceedings{Baade2015,
   author = {Baade, A and Schwarzer, W and Koinzer, S and Schlott, K and Birngruber, R and Brinkman, R},
   title = {Power-controlled temperature guided retinal photocoagulation },
   booktitle = {Photonic West BIOS},
   type = {Conference Proceedings},
url = { https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2083042},
year = { 2015}
}

@inproceedings{Buj14,
   author = {Buj, C and Horstmann, J and Münter, M and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Speckle-based holographic detection for non-contact Photoacoustic Tomography},
   booktitle = {48th annual conference of the German Society for Biomedical Engineering},
   volume = {59},
   pages = {844-847},
   type = {Conference Proceedings},
Year = { 2014}
}

@inproceedings{Evers2013,
   author = {Evers, Michael and Welford, David and Manstein, Dieter and Birngruber, Reginald},
   title = {Mid-infrared laser spectroscopy using a tunable gain-switched Cr2+: ZnSe laser},
   booktitle = {Studierendentagung},
   publisher = {Unversität zu Lübeck},
   type = {Conference Proceedings},
URL = { http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.727.5163&rep=rep1&type=pdf},
year = { 2013}
}

@inproceedings{Wurster2013,
   author = {Wurster, Lara M and Warger, W C and Gora, M J and Carruth, R and Tearny, G J and Birngruber, Reginald},
   title = {Design and development of a miniaturized scanning probe},
   booktitle = {Studierendentagung},
   publisher = {Universität zu Lübeck},
   type = {Conference Proceedings},
URL = {http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.726.9913&rep=rep1&type=pdf},
year = { 2013}
}

@inproceedings{Theisen-Kunde2013,
   author = {Theisen-Kunde, D. and Wolken, H. and Ellebrecht, D. and Danicke, V. and Wurster, L. and Kleemann, M. and Birngruber, R.},
   title = {Investigation of water spray to reduce collateral thermal damage during laser resection of soft tissue},
   volume = {8803},
   pages = {88030F-88030F-4},
   note = {10.1117/12.2032384},
   abstract = {To reduce unwanted collateral thermal damage to surrounding tissue and organs during laparoscopic laser dissection (cw, wavelength: 1.9μm) of porcine liver water spray was used. Size and amount of the produced water droplets of the water spray were photographed by short time imaging and analyzed by imaging software. At in vivo measurements on fresh porcine liver the depth of thermal damage was reduced by 85 % with water spray and the lateral size of thermal damage at the tissue surface could be reduced by 67%. This results show that especially for laparoscopic laser surgery water spray application might be a useful tool to avoid unwanted collateral thermal damage.},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2032384},
   type = {Conference Proceedings}
}

@inproceedings{Rohde2013,
   author = {Rohde, Ingo and Masch, Jennifer- M. and Theisen-Kunde, Dirk and Marczynski-Bühlow, Martin and Lutter, Georg and Brinkmann, Ralf},
   title = {Cardiovascular damage after cw and Q-switched 2μm laser irradiation},
   volume = {8803},
   pages = {88030I-88030I-6},
   note = {10.1117/12.2033550},
   abstract = {Aiming for laser-assisted resection of calcified aortic valve structures for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI), a Q-switched Tm:YAG laser emitting at a wavelength of 2.01 μm was used to evaluate the cutting efficiency on highly calcified human aortic leaflets in-vitro. The calcified aortic leaflets were examined regarding ablation rates and debris generation, using a pulse energy of 4.3 mJ, a pulse duration of 0.8-1 μs and a repetition rate of 1 kHz. The radiation was transmitted via a 200 μm core diameter quartz fiber. Resection was performed in a fiber-tissue contact mode on water-covered samples in a dish. The remnant particles were analyzed with respect to quantity and size by light microscopy. Additionally, soft tissue of porcine aortic vessels was examined for histologically detectable thermo-mechanical damage after continuous wave and Q-switched 2μm laser irradiation. An ablation rate of 36.7 ± 25.3 mg/min could be realised on highly calcified aortic leaflets, with 85.4% of the remnant particles being <6 μm in diameter. The maximum damaged area of the soft tissue was < 1 mm for both, cw and pulsed laser irradiation. This limits the expected collateral damage of healthy tissue during the medical procedure. Overall, the Q-switched Tm:YAG laser system showed promising results in cutting calcified aortic valves, transmitting sufficient energy through a small flexible fibre.},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2033550},
   type = {Conference Proceedings},
year = { 2013}
}