@article{Detrez:26,
author = {Nicolas Detrez and Sazgar Burhan and Jessica Kren and Jakob Matschke and Christian Hagel and Steffen Buschschl\"{u}ter and Dirk Theisen-Kunde and Matteo Mario Bonsanto and Robert Huber and Ralf Brinkmann},
journal = {Biomed. Opt. Express},
keywords = {Clinical applications; Deep learning; Elastography; Phase noise; Phase unwrapping; Tissue characterization},
number = {3},
pages = {1335--1358},
publisher = {Optica Publishing Group},
title = {Processing pipeline for large optical coherence elastography datasets with quasi-static air-jet excitation: application to human brain tumor tissue},
volume = {17},
month = {Mar},
year = {2026},
url = {https://opg.optica.org/boe/abstract.cfm?URI=boe-17-3-1335},
doi = {10.1364/BOE.584263},
abstract = {Optical coherence elastography (OCE) is a powerful imaging modality for assessing the mechanical properties of biological tissues. We employed an OCE system based on an Optores OMES 3.2 MHz OCT platform combined with an in-house developed air-jet excitation source to characterize healthy and tumorous (meningioma) human brain tissue. This paper presents a comprehensive software framework for processing large OCE datasets, enabling robust extraction of characteristic features from phase-derived displacement data and calculation of mechanical proxy parameters for detailed tissue characterization. Feature detection is achieved using a modified triangle threshold algorithm applied to the displacement curves from the OCE phase data. Extensive pre- and post-processing steps, including percentile-based filtering and adaptive histogram equalization, are applied to mitigate phase unwrapping errors and enhance visualization of the high dynamic range of OCE data. Exemplary measurements on human brain tumor samples demonstrate the framework's ability to differentiate between tissue types, highlighting its potential for future clinical and research applications.},
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.3080934,
author = {Henrik Volkens and Christin Grill and Florian Denk and Philipp Lamminger and Sebastian Freidank and Norbert Linz and Hendrik Husstedt and Robert Huber and Ralf Brinkmann},
title = {{A home-built flexible fiber laser to investigate optimal parameters for stimulating the tympanic membrane}},
volume = {13849},
booktitle = {Optical Interactions with Tissue and Cells XXXVII},
editor = {Joel N. Bixler and Alex J. Walsh and Norbert Linz},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {1384904},
abstract = {This work investigates optimizing optoacoustic stimulation of tympanic membrane models as a non-occlusive alternative to conventional acoustic drivers. We used a home-built, ytterbium-based master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) operating at 1064 nm to stimulate an artificial tympanic membrane within a simplified middle ear model. The MOPA system can generate single laser pulses with 200 ps minimum pulse duration as well as concatenating multiple single pulses to MHz-bursts with burst durations up to 100 ns. Burst durations and burst energies were systematically varied between 30 and 100 ns and from 10 to 40 μJ. The laser-induced displacement of the membrane model was measured using phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography. Simultaneously the sound pressure level within a 0.4 ccm volume that mimics the middle ear cavity was measured. The results indicate that the membrane displacement and sound pressure increases both with higher burst energies at the same burst duration and longer burst durations at the same burst energy. Specifically, at a low burst repetition rate of 16 Hz, 100-ns pulse bursts yielded the most efficient stimulation. Furthermore, we demonstrated the system's capability for sound transmission up to 5 kHz by operating the MOPA at a repetition rate of 10 kHz. Using an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) for pulse amplitude modulation, we transmitted a speech signal onto the artificial membrane. The resulting acoustic signal was clearly audible and measurable within the middle ear model. These findings validate the feasibility of using tailored infrared laser pulses for middle ear stimulation. The ability to modulate complex audio signals via flexible, fiber-based laser architecture is a promising approach for developing next-generation hearing restoration technologies that avoid the occlusion effects and discomfort associated with traditional hearing aids.},
keywords = {Master oscillator fiber amplifier, Tympanic membrane, Temporal pulse shaping, Flexible fiber laser, Thermoelastic bending, Parameter optimization, Optical tissue stimulation},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.1117/12.3080934},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3080934}
}

@Article{dj14020084,
AUTHOR = {Kuhl, Julie-Jacqueline and Schlenz, Maximiliane Amelie and Wöstmann, Bernd and Grill, Christin and Brinkmann, Ralf and Moos, Christoph},
TITLE = {Discrepancy Between Surface Wear and Subsurface Fatigue Damage in CAD/CAM Composite Crowns: A Comparative Study of Intraoral Scans and Optical Coherence Tomography},
JOURNAL = {Dentistry Journal},
VOLUME = {14},
YEAR = {2026},
NUMBER = {2},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {84},
URL = {https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6767/14/2/84},
ISSN = {2304-6767},
ABSTRACT = {Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether surface wear, identified through the superimposition of intraoral scans (IOS), can predict subsurface damage progression detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) during fatigue testing of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) composite crowns. Methods: Monolithic CAD/CAM composite crowns (Brilliant Crios; n=8) were adhesively luted to standardized prepared human teeth and artificially aged by cyclic loading in a mouth-motion simulator (50–500 N, 2 Hz, 37 °C). Under phantom-head condition, IOS (surface wear) and handheld swept-source (SS)-OCT (subsurface damage) were performed before loading and after every 250,000 cycles. OCT crack depth/width were normalized to local thickness and cusp-tip distance; correspondence between IOS- and OCT-derived metrics at each timepoint was assessed with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (ρ) to test whether surface wear can predict subsurface damage under the given conditions. Results: All specimens survived without catastrophic failure, and both modalities revealed progressive damage from the earliest observation interval. OCT consistently showed higher defect percentages and larger dispersion (e.g., mean vertical defects (25.47 ± 4.97)% OCT vs. (4.36 ± 0.91)% IOS at T1 and (66.79 ± 19.53)% OCT vs. (7.78 ± 3.19)% IOS at T5). Across all timepoints, no statistically significant associations between IOS and OCT were observed (p = 0.146 to 0.955). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this exploratory, single-material in vitro study, restricted to a CAD/CAM composite (Brilliant Crios), surface-based monitoring alone did not reliably reflect subsurface damage progression. Clinically, this suggests that surface wear assessment may underestimate subsurface fatigue damage. Intraoral OCT may provide complementary, non-invasive information alongside routine IOS for individualized monitoring, but its added value needs to be confirmed in larger studies and other CAD/CAM composite materials and additional restorative material classes.},
DOI = {10.3390/dj14020084}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.3080401,
author = {Henrik Volkens and Sebastian Freidank and Philipp Lamminger and Alfred Vogel and Robert Huber and Ralf Brinkmann and Norbert Linz},
title = {{Dynamic shockwave photography using a home-built MOFA laser system with flexible repetition rate up to 5 GHz}},
volume = {PC13849},
booktitle = {Optical Interactions with Tissue and Cells XXXVII},
editor = {Joel N. Bixler and Alex J. Walsh and Norbert Linz},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {PC1384903},
abstract = {Laser-induced ablation in liquids (LAL) is widely used for nanoparticle generation, yet its underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. We investigate interactions between shockwave, cavitation bubble and target material by multi exposure imaging with high temporal and spatial resolution. Our home-built Yb-based master oscillator fiber amplifier system delivers 170 ps pulses at 2 µJ and tunable burst rates up to 5 GHz, ideal for capturing transient events. Speckle-free imaging is achieved using a fiber-based rapid optical mode mixing approach combining spectral broadening with optical delay and spatial mode mixing of frequency-doubled 532 nm pulses.},
keywords = {Laser Ablation in Liquids (LAL), Shockwave Photography, High-Speed Imaging, Multi-Exposure Illumination, Master Oscillator Fiber Amplifier (MOFA), Speckle-Free Imaging, Cavitation Bubble, Nanoparticle Generation},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.1117/12.3080401},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3080401}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.3080520,
author = {Henrik Volkens and Philipp Lamminger and Norbert Linz and Sebastian Freidank and Robert Huber and Ralf Brinkmann},
title = {{Towards optoacoustic transient shaping using a flexible fiber laser system}},
volume = {13851},
booktitle = {Photons Plus Ultrasound: Imaging and Sensing 2026},
editor = {Alexander A. Oraevsky and Lihong V. Wang},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {138511F},
abstract = {We aim to increase the efficiency of optoacoustic signal generation for precise, in vivo, real-time tissue temperature monitoring during thermal retinal interventions, by matching the timing of multiple laser excitation events to the acoustic response of the examined specimen. To achieve this goal, we utilized a home-built Ytterbium-based master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) fiber laser system that provides unprecedented control over the temporal pulse structure, allowing for pulse-burst durations from picoseconds to nanoseconds and arbitrary repetition rates for investigating the influence of the excitation duration on the amplitude of the resulting optoacoustic transients. Methodologically, experiments were performed on ex vivo explants of porcine retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) consisting of the RPE, choroid, and sclera embedded in a cuvette filled with saline solution. Optoacoustic transients were detected using a piezoelectric ring transducer (fres = 1 MHz, Medical Laser Center Lübeck, Germany) integrated into a standard ophthalmic contact glass with a distance of 24 mm to the specimen. We systematically investigated the influence of pulse-burst durations between 10 and 100-ns with the total burst energy of 3 μJ matching a typical probe pulse energy. Each burst was produced with a repetition rate of 500 MHz. Results demonstrate that, at typical pulse energies of 3 μJ, shorter pulse-burst durations down to 30 ns significantly increase the amplitude of the generated acoustic transients compared to longer pulse-bursts. While higher burst energy consistently results in stronger signals, signal generation efficiency is highly dependent on the temporal burst width. With decreasing burst durations, the amplitude of the resulting transients decreases lower than that of the 30-ns burst. We hypothesize that shorter excitation bursts result in a signal consisting of higher-frequency components that are stronger attenuated in water. These findings highlight that tailoring the temporal excitation profile is essential for maximizing signal-to-noise ratio. The compact and scalable fiber-based MOPA architecture offers a versatile alternative to traditional bulk lasers, providing the necessary degrees of freedom for optimized optoacoustic tissue characterization and in future real-time monitoring.},
keywords = {Master Oscillator Fiber Amplifier (MOFA), Optoacoustics, Transient shaping, Temperature measurement, Tailored optoacoustic excitation, Flexible fiber laser, Retinal laser treatment, Multi-GHz repetition rate},
year = {2026},
doi = {10.1117/12.3080520},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3080520}
}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202500430,
author = {Lange, Birgit and Kren, Christopher and Brinkmann, Ralf},
title = {Autofluorescence of Renal Tissue and Its Impact on Fluorescence-Guided Lithotripsy},
journal = {Journal of Biophotonics},
volume = {n/a},
number = {n/a},
pages = {e202500430},
keywords = {autofluorescence, fluorescence guided lithotripsy, laser lithotripsy, renal tissue},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202500430},
url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jbio.202500430},
eprint = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jbio.202500430},
note = {e202500430 jbio.202500430.R1},
abstract = {ABSTRACT When illuminated with green light, tissue shows negligible autofluorescence in comparison to urinary stones. In automatically controlled lithotripsy, this property is utilized to prevent the laser from being triggered if the fiber is mispositioned: the fluorescence signal is compared to a set threshold before each pulse. However, previous studies have shown that tissue damage cannot be completely ruled out. We are investigating this phenomenon and its impact on fluorescence guidance. An experiment with porcine calyx (with the automatic control switched off) shows that single Ho:YAG laser pulses are sufficient to coagulate tissue, resulting in an increase in autofluorescence. During lithotripsy of fluorescent artificial stones embedded in renal cortex, thermal damage occurs despite automatic laser control. Maximum fluorescence values measured on those tissue places were above the control's set threshold for laser emission. Therefore, an increase in autofluorescence in the event of denaturation must be considered when using automatically controlled lithotripsy.}
}

@ARTICLE{10726870,
  author={Detrez, Nicolas and Burhan, Sazgar and Rewerts, Katarina and Kren, Jessica and Buschschlüter, Steffen and Theisen-Kunde, Dirk and Bonsanto, Matteo Mario and Huber, Robert and Brinkmann, Ralf},
  journal={IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering}, 
  title={Flow-controlled air-jet for in vivo quasi steady-state and dynamic elastography with MHz optical coherence tomography}, 
  year={2024},
  volume={},
  number={},
  pages={1-12},
  keywords={Force;Biomedical measurement;Pressure measurement;In vivo;Steady-state;Generators;Elastography;Valves;Force measurement;Optical coherence tomography;Air-Jet;Air-Puff;Optical Coherence Elastography;Stiffness;Tissue Mechanics;Young's Modulus},
  doi={10.1109/TBME.2024.3484676}}

@inproceedings{Detrez:25,
author = {Nicolas Detrez and Dirk Theisen-Kunde and Wolfgang Draxinger and Thies H\"{o}rcher and Veit Danicke and Sazgar Burhan and Jessica Kren and Matteo Mario Bonsanto and Robert Huber and Ralf Brinkmann},
booktitle = {European Conferences on Biomedical Optics 2025},
journal = {European Conferences on Biomedical Optics 2025},
keywords = {Coherence and statistical optics; Elastography; Modes; Optical coherence tomography; Phase; Phase measurement},
pages = {M3A.36},
publisher = {Optica Publishing Group},
title = {Co-Robot Supported Air-Jet Based Optical Coherence Elastography Towards In-Situ Brain Tumor Tissue Delineation},
year = {2025},
url = {https://opg.optica.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ECBO-2025-M3A.36},
doi = {10.1364/ECBO.2025.M3A.36},
abstract = {Accurate tumor delineation in neurosurgery is challenging. We developed an in-situ optical coherence elastography system using air-jet excitation and phase based full-range OCT. The challenges in transitioning from ex vivo to in-situ application are presented.},
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.3047226,
author = {Paul Strenge and Birgit Lange and Wolfgang Draxinger and Dirk Theisen-Kunde and Sonja Spahr-Hess and Matteo M. Bonsanto and Robert Huber and Ralf Brinkmann and Heinz Handels},
title = {{Enhancing brain tumor detection using optical coherence tomography and variational autoencoders}},
volume = {13410},
booktitle = {Medical Imaging 2025: Clinical and Biomedical Imaging},
editor = {Barjor S. Gimi and Andrzej Krol},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {134101P},
abstract = {Neurosurgical intervention is critical in brain tumor treatment, with long-term survival closely linked to the extent of tumor resection. The goal is to completely remove tumor tissue while preserving healthy tissue, a challenging task due to the diffuse nature of some brain tumors, such as glioblastoma, which infiltrate healthy tissue in ways that are difficult to distinguish histologically. Current intraoperative imaging techniques, including MRI and fluorescence microscopy, are limited in reliably identifying tumor tissue. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers a promising alternative, providing non-invasive, high-resolution cross-sectional images. This study investigates the use of a variational autoencoder (VAE) in combination with an evidential learning framework to enhance the classification of brain tissues in OCT images. The classification approach, applied to ex vivo OCT images captured at a wavelength of 1300 nm, achieved an average precision of 0.87 and a recall of 0.88 for the discrimination of healthy and tumorous brain tissue with consideration of prediction uncertainties. This method demonstrated improved discrimination between healthy white matter and tumor-infiltrated white matter compared to previous studies.},
keywords = {brain tumor, OCT, variational autoencoders, glioblastoma, classification, medical imaging, brain, evidential learning},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1117/12.3047226},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3047226}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.3041264,
author = {Kimberley L{\"u}hring and Birgit Lange and Lion Sch{\"u}tzeck and Ralf Brinkmann},
title = {{Laser lithotripsy: the impact of beam profile and wavelength on stone ablation}},
volume = {13293},
booktitle = {Advanced Photonics in Urology 2025},
editor = {Hyun Wook Kang and Ronald Sroka and Jian J. Zhang},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {1329306},
abstract = {Thulium fiber lasers (TFL) with a peak power of 500W were introduced a few years ago for clinical use in laser lithotripsy of urinary stones. To compare the TFL with the current gold standard, the Ho:YAG laser, single pulse experiments were performed at 1.5J from different working distances using a 365μm fiber. For evaluation of the fragmentation properties of both laser systems, cuttlefish bone samples and glued BegoStone cylinders were ablated at 1.5J using different pulse durations. It was found that the TFL produced up to two times higher stone ablation compared to the Ho:YAG laser but showed significantly poorer results in fragmentation which might be explained by its lower peak power. Furthermore, the increase in the ablation efficiency of laser lithotripsy by adjusting the beam profile was investigated in this study. A series of measurements with annular and circular beam profiles of the same beam diameter was performed with the TFL. At a pulse energy of 1J the annular beam profile has removed 90% more stone volume with a single pulse.},
keywords = {laser lithotropsy, thulium fiber laser, beam profile, urolithiasis},
year = {2025},
doi = {10.1117/12.3041264},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3041264}
}

@inproceedings{Seifert:25,
author = {Eric Seifert and Leonie Hoffmann and Xi Zhang and Lisa-Marie Fr\"{u}hauf and Yoko Miura and Ralf Brinkmann},
booktitle = {European Conferences on Biomedical Optics 2025},
journal = {European Conferences on Biomedical Optics 2025},
keywords = {Absorption coefficient; Fluorescence; Laser energy; Laser light; Multimode fibers; Nd:YLF lasers},
pages = {S1E.2},
publisher = {Optica Publishing Group},
title = {Validating optoacoustic temperature determination for retinal laser treatments with the fluorescence dye ERthermAC},
year = {2025},
url = {https://opg.optica.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ECBO-2025-S1E.2},
doi = {10.1364/ECBO.2025.S1E.2},
abstract = {Temperature dependent fluorescence of the dye ERthermAC was used to measure laser induced temperature rise on RPE/choroid/sclera explants during simultaneous optoacoustic temperature determination, already being in clinical approval. Both methods didn't show significant differences.},
}

@article{Draxinger:24,
author = {Wolfgang Draxinger and Nicolas Detrez and Paul Strenge and Veit Danicke and Dirk Theisen-Kunde and Lion Sch\"{u}tzeck and Sonja Spahr-Hess and Patrick Kuppler and Jessica Kren and Wolfgang Wieser and Matteo Mario Bonsanto and Ralf Brinkmann and Robert Huber},
journal = {Biomed. Opt. Express},
keywords = {Brain imaging; Imaging systems; In vivo imaging; Magnetic resonance imaging; Speckle imaging; Spectral domain optical coherence tomography},
number = {10},
pages = {5960--5979},
publisher = {Optica Publishing Group},
title = {Microscope integrated MHz optical coherence tomography system for neurosurgery: development and clinical in-vivo imaging},
volume = {15},
month = {Oct},
year = {2024},
url = {https://opg.optica.org/boe/abstract.cfm?URI=boe-15-10-5960},
doi = {10.1364/BOE.530976},
abstract = {Neurosurgical interventions on the brain are impeded by the requirement to keep damages to healthy tissue at a minimum. A new contrast channel enhancing the visual separation of malign tissue should be created. A commercially available surgical microscope was modified with adaptation optics adapting the MHz speed optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging system developed in our group. This required the design of a scanner optics and beam delivery system overcoming constraints posed by the mechanical and optical parameters of the microscope. High quality volumetric OCT C-scans with dense sample spacing can be acquired in-vivo as part of surgical procedures within seconds and are immediately available for post-processing.},
}

@article{10.1167/tvst.13.9.28,
    author = {Kleyman, Viktoria and Eggert, Sophie and Schmidt, Christian and Schaller, Manuel and Worthmann, Karl and Brinkmann, Ralf and Müller, Matthias A.},
    title = "{Model Predictive Temperature Control for Retinal Laser Treatments}",
    journal = {Translational Vision Science & Technology},
    volume = {13},
    number = {9},
    pages = {28-28},
    year = {2024},
    month = {09},
    abstract = "{   Manual, individual adjustment of the laser power in retinal laser therapies is time-consuming, is inaccurate with respect to uniform effects, and can only prevent over- or undertreatment to a limited extent. Automatic closed-loop temperature control allows for similar temperatures at each irradiated spot despite varying absorption. This is of crucial importance for subdamaging hyperthermal treatments with no visible effects and the safety of photocoagulation with short irradiation times. The aim of this work is to perform extensive experiments on porcine eye explants to demonstrate the benefits of automatic control in retinal laser treatments.    To ensure a safe and reliable temperature rise, we utilize a model predictive controller. For model predictive control, the current state and the spot-dependent absorption coefficients are estimated by an extended Kalman filter (EKF). Therein, optoacoustic measurements are used to determine the temperature rise at the irradiated areas in real time. We use fluorescence vitality stains to measure the lesion size and validate the proposed control strategy.    By comparing the lesion size with temperature values for cell death, we found that the EKF accurately estimates the peak temperature. Furthermore, the proposed closed-loop control scheme works reliably with regard to similar lesion sizes despite varying absorption with a smaller spread in lesion size compared to open-loop control.    Our closed-loop control approach enables a safe subdamaging treatment and lowers the risk for over- and undertreatment for mild coagulations in retinal laser therapies.    We demonstrate that modern control strategies have the potential to improve retinal laser treatments for several diseases.  }",
    issn = {2164-2591},
    doi = {10.1167/tvst.13.9.28},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.13.9.28},
    eprint = {https://arvojournals.org/arvo/content\_public/journal/tvst/938688/i2164-2591-13-9-28\_1727347017.43447.pdf},
}

@article{10.1167/tvst.13.4.26,
    author = {von der Burchard, Claus and Kren, Christopher and Fleger, Jan-Erik and Theisen-Kunde, Dirk and Danicke, Veit and Abbas, Hossam S. and Kleyman, Viktoria and Roider, Johann and Brinkmann, Ralf},
    title = "{Real-Time Temperature-Controlled Retinal Laser Irradiation in Rabbits}",
    journal = {Translational Vision Science & Technology},
    volume = {13},
    number = {4},
    pages = {26-26},
    year = {2024},
    month = {04},
    abstract = "{   Subdamaging thermal retinal laser therapy has the potential to induce regenerative stimuli in retinal diseases, but validated dosimetry is missing. Real-time optoacoustic temperature determination and control could close this gap. This study investigates a first in vivo application.    Two iterations of a control module that were optically coupled in between a continuous-wave commercial laser source and a commercial slit lamp were evaluated on chinchilla rabbits. The module allows extraction of the temperature rise in real time and can control the power of the therapy laser such that a predefined temperature rise at the retina is quickly achieved and held constant. Irradiations with aim temperatures from 45°C to 69°C were performed on a diameter of 200 µm and a heating time of 100 ms.    We analyzed 424 temperature-guided irradiations in nine eyes of five rabbits. The mean difference between the measured and aim temperature was −0.04°C ± 0.98°C. The following ED50 values for visibility thresholds could be determined: 58.6°C for funduscopic visibility, 57.7°C for fluorescein angiography, and 57.0°C for OCT. In all measurements, the correlation of tissue effect was higher to the temperature than to the average heating laser power used.    The system was able to reliably perform temperature-guided irradiations, which allowed for better tissue effect control than simple power control. This approach could enhance the accuracy, safety, and reproducibility of thermal stimulating laser therapy.    This study is a bridge between preclinical ex vivo experiments and a pilot clinical study.  }",
    issn = {2164-2591},
    doi = {10.1167/tvst.13.4.26},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.13.4.26},
    eprint = {https://arvojournals.org/arvo/content\_public/journal/tvst/938671/i2164-2591-13-4-26\_1713518675.19154.pdf},
}

@article{RN5472,
   author = {Kren, Jessica;Skambath, Isabelle;Kuppler, Patrick;Buschschlüter, Steffen;Detrez, Nicolas;Burhan, Sazgar;Huber, Robert;Brinkmann, Ralf and Bonsanto, Matteo Mario},
   title = {Mechanical characteristics of glioblastoma and peritumoral tumor-free human brain tissue},
   journal = {Acta Neurochirurgica},
   volume = {166},
   number = {1},
   pages = {102},
   ISSN = {0942-0940},
   DOI = {10.1007/s00701-024-06009-x},
   url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-024-06009-x},
   year = {2024},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Burhan:24,
author = {Sazgar Burhan and Nicolas Detrez and Katharina Rewerts and Paul Strenge and Steffen Buschschl\"{u}ter and Jessica Kren and Christian Hagel and Matteo Mario Bonsanto and Ralf Brinkmann and Robert Huber},
journal = {Biomed. Opt. Express},
keywords = {High speed imaging; Imaging systems; In vivo imaging; Magnetic resonance imaging; Phase noise; Phase shift},
number = {2},
pages = {1038--1058},
publisher = {Optica Publishing Group},
title = {Phase unwrapping for MHz optical coherence elastography and application to brain tumor tissue},
volume = {15},
month = {Feb},
year = {2024},
url = {https://opg.optica.org/boe/abstract.cfm?URI=boe-15-2-1038},
doi = {10.1364/BOE.510020},
abstract = {During neuro-oncologic surgery, phase-sensitive optical coherence elastography (OCE) can be valuable for distinguishing between healthy and diseased tissue. However, the phase unwrapping process required to retrieve the original phase signal is a challenging and critical task. To address this issue, we demonstrate a one-dimensional unwrapping algorithm that recovers the phase signal from a 3.2\&\#x2005;MHz OCE system. With a processing time of approximately 0.11 s per frame on the GPU, multiple 2\&\#x03C0; wraps are detected and corrected. By utilizing this approach, exact and reproducible information on tissue deformation can be obtained with pixel accuracy over the entire acquisition time. Measurements of brain tumor-mimicking phantoms and human ex vivo brain tumor samples verified the algorithm\&\#x0027;s reliability. The tissue samples were subjected to a 200\&\#x2005;ms short air pulse. A correlation with histological findings confirmed the algorithm\&\#x0027;s dependability.},
}

@article{10.1167/tvst.13.1.24,
    author = {Sonntag, Svenja Rebecca and Klein, Britta and Brinkmann, Ralf and Grisanti, Salvatore and Miura, Yoko},
    title = "{Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Ophthalmoscopy of Mouse Models of Age-related Macular Degeneration}",
    journal = {Translational Vision Science & Technology},
    volume = {13},
    number = {1},
    pages = {24-24},
    year = {2024},
    month = {01},
    abstract = "{   To investigate fluorescence lifetime of mouse models of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO).    Two AMD mouse models, apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice and NF-E2-related factor-2 knockout (Nrf2−/−) mice, and their wild-type mice underwent monthly ophthalmic examinations including FLIO from 3 months of age. After euthanasia at the age of 6 or 11 months, blood plasma was collected to determine total antioxidant capacity and eyes were enucleated for Oil red O (ORO) lipid staining of chorioretinal tissue.    In FLIO, the mean fluorescence lifetime (τm) of wild type shortened with age in both spectral channels. In short spectral channel, τm shortening was observed in both AMD models as well, but its rate was more pronounced in ApoE−/− mice and significantly different from the other strains as months of age progressed. In contrast, in long spectral channel, both model strains showed completely opposite trends, with τm becoming shorter in ApoE−/− and longer in Nrf2−/− mice than the others. Oil red O staining at Bruch's membrane was significantly stronger in ApoE−/− mice at 11 months than the other strains. Plasma total antioxidant capacity was highest in ApoE−/− mice at both 6 and 11 months.    The two AMD mouse models exhibited largely different fundus fluorescence lifetime, which might be related to the different systemic metabolic state. FLIO might be able to indicate different metabolic states of eyes at risk for AMD.    This animal study may provide new insights into the relationship between early AMD-associated metabolic changes and FLIO findings.  }",
    issn = {2164-2591},
    doi = {10.1167/tvst.13.1.24},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.13.1.24},
    eprint = {https://arvojournals.org/arvo/content\_public/journal/tvst/938660/i2164-2591-13-1-24\_1706520239.75643.pdf},
}

@article{RN5480,
   author = {Sonntag, Svenja Rebecca;Hamann, Maximilian;Seifert, Eric;Grisanti, Salvatore;Brinkmann, Ralf and Miura, Yoko},
   title = {Detection sensitivity of fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy for laser-induced selective damage of retinal pigment epithelium},
   journal = {Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology},
   ISSN = {1435-702X},
   DOI = {10.1007/s00417-024-06449-2},
   url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-024-06449-2},
   year = {2024},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article { Microscopeintegratedopticalcoherencetomographyforinvivohumanbraintumordetectionwithartificialintelligence,
      author = "Patrick Kuppler and Paul Strenge and Birgit Lange and Sonja Spahr-Hess and Wolfgang Draxinger and Christian Hagel and Dirk Theisen-Kunde and Ralf Brinkmann and Robert Huber and Volker Tronnier and Matteo Mario Bonsanto",
      title = "Microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography for in vivo human brain tumor detection with artificial intelligence",
      journal = "Journal of Neurosurgery",
      year = "2024",
      publisher = "American Association of Neurological Surgeons",
      doi = "10.3171/2024.1.JNS231511",
      pages=      "1 - 9",
      url = "https://thejns.org/view/journals/j-neurosurg/aop/article-10.3171-2024.1.JNS231511/article-10.3171-2024.1.JNS231511.xml"
}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.23833,
author = {von der Burchard, Claus and Miura, Yoko and Stanzel, Boris and Chhablani, Jay and Roider, Johann and Framme, Carsten and Brinkmann, Ralf and Tode, Jan},
title = {Regenerative Retinal Laser and Light Therapies (RELITE): Proposal of a New Nomenclature, Categorization, and Trial Reporting Standard},
journal = {Lasers in Surgery and Medicine},
volume = {56},
number = {8},
pages = {693-708},
keywords = {nomenclature, retinal laser therapy, subvisible laser therapy},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.23833},
url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lsm.23833},
eprint = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lsm.23833},
abstract = {ABSTRACT Objectives Numerous laser and light therapies have been developed to induce regenerative processes in the choroid/retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/photoreceptor complex, leaving the neuroretina undamaged. These therapies are applied to the macula for the treatment of various diseases, most prominently diabetic maculopathy, retinal vein occlusion, central serous chorioretinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration. However, the abundance of technologies, treatment patterns, and dosimetry protocols has made understanding these therapies and comparing different approaches increasingly complex and challenging. To address this, we propose a new nomenclature system with a clear categorization that will allow for better understanding and comparability between different laser and light modalities. We propose this nomenclature system as an open standard that may be adapted in future toward new technical developments or medical advancements. Methods A systematic literature review of reported macular laser and light therapies was conducted. A categorization into a standardized system was proposed and discussed among experts and professionals in the field. This paper does not aim to assess, compare, or evaluate the efficacy of different laser or dosimetry techniques or treatment patterns. Results The literature search yielded 194 papers describing laser techniques, 50 studies describing dosimetry, 272 studies with relevant clinical trials, and 82 reviews. Following the common therapeutic aim, we propose “regenerative retinal laser and light therapies (RELITE)” as the general header. We subdivided RELITE into four main categories that refer to the intended physical and biochemical effects of temperature increase (photothermal therapy, PTT), RPE regeneration (photomicrodisruption therapy, PMT), photochemical processes (photochemical therapy, PCT), and photobiomodulation (photobiomodulation therapy, PBT). Further, we categorized the different dosimetry approaches and treatment regimens. We propose the following nomenclature system that integrates the most important parameters to enable understanding and comparability: Pattern—Dosimetry—Exposure Time/Frequency, Duty Cycle/Irradiation Diameter/Wavelength—Subcategory—Category. Conclusion Regenerative retinal laser and light therapies are widely used for different diseases and may become valuable in the future. A precise nomenclature system and strict reporting standards are needed to allow for a better understanding, reproduceable and comparable clinical trials, and overall acceptance. We defined categories for a systematic therapeutic goal-based nomenclature to facilitate future research in this field.},
year = {2024}
}

@Article{s24072105,
AUTHOR = {Boyko, Andrey and Lange, Birgit and Eckert, Sebastian and Mayorov, Fedor and Brinkmann, Ralf},
TITLE = {Signal Enhancement of a Differential Photoacoustic Cell by Connecting the Microphones via Capillaries},
JOURNAL = {Sensors},
VOLUME = {24},
YEAR = {2024},
NUMBER = {7},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {2105},
URL = {https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/7/2105},
ISSN = {1424-8220},
ABSTRACT = {Differential photoacoustic spectroscopy (DPAS) cells are usually excited on the first longitudinal ring mode, with a microphone situated in the middle of each of the two resonator tubes. However, it is known from other photoacoustic spectroscopy cell designs that connecting the microphones via a capillary can lead to signal enhancement. By means of finite element method (FEM) simulations, we compared such a photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) cell with a capillary to a DPAS cell with a capillary attached to each of the two resonators and showed that the behavior of both systems is qualitatively the same: In both the PAS and the DPAS cell, in-phase and anti-phase oscillations of the coupled system (resonator–capillary) can be excited. In the DPAS cell, capillaries of suitable length also increase the pressure signal at the microphones according to the FEM simulations. For different capillary diameters (1.2 mm/1.7 mm/2.2 mm), the respective optimal capillary length (36–37.5 mm) and signal amplification was determined (94%, 70%, 53%). According to the results of these FEM simulations, a significant increase in sensitivity can, therefore, also be achieved in DPAS cells by expanding them with thin tubes leading to the microphones.},
DOI = {10.3390/s24072105}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2670957,
author = {Sazgar Burhan and Nicolas Detrez and Madita G{\"o}b and Matteo Mario Bonsanto and Ralf Brinkmann and Robert Huber},
title = {{Advanced FFT-based contrast approach for MHz optical coherence elastography}},
volume = {12632},
booktitle = {Optical Coherence Imaging Techniques and Imaging in Scattering Media V},
editor = {Benjamin J. Vakoc and Maciej Wojtkowski and Yoshiaki Yasuno},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {1263215},
abstract = {Optical coherence elastography represents mechanical characteristics of biological tissue in so-called mechanical contrast maps. In addition to the standard intensity image, the contrast map illustrates numerous mechanical tissue features that would otherwise be undetectable. This is of great interest as abnormal physiological changes influence the mechanical behavior of the tissue. We demonstrate an advanced mechanical contrast approach based on the phase signal of our 3.2 MHz optical coherence tomography system. The robustness and performance of this contrast approach is evaluated and discussed based on preliminary results. },
keywords = {Optical Coherence Tomography, OCT, Megahertz OCT, Fourier Domain Mode Locking, Optical Coherence Elastography, OCE, Phase-sensitive OCT, Biomechanics},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1117/12.2670957},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2670957}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2670907,
author = {Paul Strenge and Birgit Lange and Wolfgang Draxinger and Christian Hagel and Christin Grill and Veit Danicke and Dirk Theisen-Kunde and Sonja Spahr-Hess and Matteo M. Bonsanto and Robert Huber and Heinz Handels and Ralf Brinkmann},
title = {{Demarcation of brain and tumor tissue with optical coherence tomography using prior neural networks}},
volume = {12632},
booktitle = {Optical Coherence Imaging Techniques and Imaging in Scattering Media V},
editor = {Benjamin J. Vakoc and Maciej Wojtkowski and Yoshiaki Yasuno},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {126321P},
keywords = {Brain Tumor, OCT, Optical Coherence Tomography, Prior Network, Glioblastoma Multiforme, Neural Network, Classification},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1117/12.2670907},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2670907}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2670953,
author = {Wolfgang Draxinger and Dirk Theisen-Kunde and Lion Schuetz and Nicolas Detrez and Paul Strenge and Maximilian Rixius and Veit Danicke and Wolfgang Wieser and Jessica Kren and Patrick Kuppler and Sonja Spar-Hess and Matteo Mario Bonsanto M.D. and Ralf Brinkmann and Robert Huber},
title = {{Microscope integrated realtime high density 4D MHz-OCT in neurosurgery: a depth and tissue resolving visual contrast channel and the challenge of fused presentation}},
volume = {12627},
booktitle = {Translational Biophotonics: Diagnostics and Therapeutics III},
editor = {Zhiwei Huang and Lothar D. Lilge},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {126270W},
abstract = {Microscope integrated realtime 4D MHz-OCT operating at high scanning densities are capable of capturing additional visual contrast resolving depth and tissue. Even within a plain C-scan en-face projection structures are recognizable, that are not visible in a white light camera image. With advanced post processing methods, such as absorbtion coefficient mapping, and morphological classifiers more information is extraced. Presentation to the user in an intuitive way poses practical challenges that go beyond the implementation of a mere overlay display. We present our microscope integrated high speed 4D OCT imaging system, its clinical study use for in-vivo brain tissue imaging, and user feedback on the presentation methods we developed.},
keywords = {optical coherence tomography, neurosurgery, tissue contrast, image fusion, surgical guidance, theranostics},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1117/12.2670953},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2670953}
}

@Article{photonics10060685,
AUTHOR = {Leichtle, Anke and Penxova, Zuzana and Kempin, Thorge and Leffers, David and Ahrens, Martin and König, Peter and Brinkmann, Ralf and Hüttmann, Gereon and Bruchhage, Karl-Ludwig and Schulz-Hildebrandt, Hinnerk},
TITLE = {Dynamic Microscopic Optical Coherence Tomography as a New Diagnostic Tool for Otitis Media},
JOURNAL = {Photonics},
VOLUME = {10},
YEAR = {2023},
NUMBER = {6},
ARTICLE-NUMBER = {685},
URL = {https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/10/6/685},
ISSN = {2304-6732},
ABSTRACT = {Hypothesis: Otitis media (OM) can be successfully visualized and diagnosed by dynamic microscopic optical coherence tomography (dmOCT). Background: OM is one of the most common infectious diseases and, according to the WHO, one of the leading health problems with high mortality in developing countries. Despite intensive research, the only definitive treatment of therapy-refractory OM for decades has been the surgical removal of inflamed tissue. Thereby, the intra-operative diagnosis is limited to the surgeon’s visual impression. Supportive imaging modalities have been little explored and have not found their way into clinical application. Finding imaging techniques capable of identifying inflamed tissue intraoperatively, therefore, is of significant clinical relevance. Methods: This work investigated a modified version of optical coherence tomography with a microscopic resolution (mOCT) regarding its ability to differentiate between healthy and inflamed tissue. Despite its high resolution, the differentiation of single cells with mOCT is often impossible. A new form of mOCT termed dynamic mOCT (dmOCT) achieves cellular contrast using micro-movements within cells based on their metabolism. It was used in this study to establish correlative measurements with histology. Results: Using dmOCT, images with microscopic resolution were acquired on ex vivo tissue samples of chronic otitis media and cholesteatoma. Imaging with dmOCT allowed the visualization of specific and characteristic cellular and subcellular structures in the cross-sectional images, which can be identified only to a limited extent in native mOCT. Conclusion: We demonstrated for the first time a new marker-free visualization in otitis media based on intracellular motion using dmOCT.},
DOI = {10.3390/photonics10060685}
}

Kuppler P, Strenge P, Lange B, Spahr-Hess S, Draxinger W, Hagel C, Theisen-Kunde D, Brinkmann R, Huber R, Tronnier V and Bonsanto MM (2023) The neurosurgical benefit of contactless in vivo optical coherence tomography regarding residual tumor detection: A clinical study. Front. Oncol. 13:1151149. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1151149

@article{RN5430,
   author = {Hutfilz, Alessa;Theisen-Kunde, Dirk;Bonsanto, Matteo Mario and Brinkmann, Ralf},
   title = {Pulsed thulium laser blood vessel haemostasis as an alternative to bipolar forceps during neurosurgical tumour resection},
   journal = {Lasers in Medical Science},
   volume = {38},
   number = {1},
   pages = {94},
   ISSN = {1435-604X},
   DOI = {10.1007/s10103-023-03747-9},
   url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-023-03747-9},
   year = {2023},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2648505,
author = {Wolfgang Draxinger and Dirk Theisen-Kunde and Lion Sch{\"u}tzeck and Nicolas Detrez and Paul Strenge and Veit Danicke and Jessica Kren and Patrick Kuppler and Sonja Spahr-Hess and Matteo Mario Bonsanto and Ralf Brinkmann and Robert Huber},
title = {{High speed 4D in-vivo OCT imaging of the human brain: creating high density datasets for machine learning toward identification of malign tissue in real time}},
volume = {12390},
booktitle = {High-Speed Biomedical Imaging and Spectroscopy VIII},
editor = {Kevin K. Tsia and Keisuke Goda},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {123900D},
abstract = {Neuro-surgery is challenged by the difficulties of determining brain tumor boundaries during excisions. Optical coherence tomography is investigated as an imaging modality for providing a viable contrast channel. Our MHz-OCT technology enables rapid volumetric imaging, suitable for surgical workflows. We present a surgical microscope integrated MHz-OCT imaging system, which is used for the collection of in-vivo images of human brains, with the purpose of being used in machine learning systems that shall be trained to identify and classify tumorous tissue.},
keywords = {optical coherence tomography, brain tumor, neurosurgery, machine learning, contrast augmentation, histology dataset, clinical study, in-vivo imaging},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1117/12.2648505},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2648505}
}

@article{RN5362,
   author = {Yamamoto, Manabu;Miura, Yoko;Hirayama, Kumiko;Kyo, Akika;Kohno, Takeya;Theisen-Kunde, Dirk;Brinkmann, Ralf and Honda, Shigeru},
   title = {Comparative Treatment Study on Macular Edema Secondary to Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion by Intravitreal Ranibizumab with and without Selective Retina Therapy},
   journal = {Life},
   volume = {13},
   number = {3},
   pages = {769},
   ISSN = {2075-1729},
   DOI = {10.3390/life13030769},
   url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/3/769},
   year = {2023},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2648301,
author = {Sazgar Burhan and Nicolas Detrez and Katharina Rewerts and Madita G{\"o}b and Christian Hagel and Matteo Mario Bonsanto and Dirk Theisen-Kunde and Robert Huber and Ralf Brinkmann},
title = {{Characterization of brain tumor tissue by time-resolved, phase-sensitive optical coherence elastography at 3.2 MHz line rate}},
volume = {12368},
booktitle = {Advanced Biomedical and Clinical Diagnostic and Surgical Guidance Systems XXI},
editor = {Caroline Boudoux and James W. Tunnell},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {123680F},
abstract = {Optical coherence elastography (OCE) offers the possibility of obtaining the mechanical behavior of a tissue. When also  using a non-contact mechanical excitation, it mimics palpation without interobserver variability. One of the most frequently  used techniques is phase-sensitive OCE. Depending on the system, depth-resolved changes in the sub-µm to nm range can  be detected and visualized volumetrically. Such an approach is used in this work to investigate and detect transitions  between healthy and tumorous brain tissue as well as inhomogeneities in the tumor itself to assist the operating surgeon  during tumor resection in the future. We present time-resolved, phase-sensitive OCE measurements on various ex vivo brain tumor samples using an ultra-fast 3.2 MHz swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system with a frame rate of 2.45 kHz. 4 mm line scans are acquired which, in combination with the high imaging speed, allow monitoring and investigation of the sample's behavior in response to the mechanical load. Therefore, an air-jet system applies a 200 ms  short air pulse to the sample, whose non-contact property facilitates the possibility for future in vivo measurements. Since we can temporally resolve the response of the sample over the entire acquisition time, the mechanical properties are evaluated at different time points with depth resolution. This is done by unwrapping the phase data and performing subsequent assessment. Systematic ex vivo brain tumor measurements were conducted and visualized as distribution maps.  The study outcomes are supported by histological analyses and examined in detail.},
keywords = { Optical Coherence Tomography, Optical Coherence Elastography, Phase-sensitive OCT, Fourier Domain Mode Locking, Brain Tumor, Phase Unwrapping, Tissue Characterization, Biomechanics},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1117/12.2648301},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2648301}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2649963,
author = {Paul Strenge and Birgit Lange and Wolfgang Draxinger and Christian Hagel and Christin Grill and Veit Danicke and Dirk Theisen-Kunde and Sonja Spahr-Hess and Matteo M. Bonsanto and Robert Huber and Heinz Handels and Ralf Brinkmann},
title = {{Dual wavelength analysis and classification of brain tumor tissue with optical coherence tomography}},
volume = {12368},
booktitle = {Advanced Biomedical and Clinical Diagnostic and Surgical Guidance Systems XXI},
editor = {Caroline Boudoux and James W. Tunnell},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {1236805},
abstract = {The ill-defined tumor borders of glioblastoma multiforme pose a major challenge for the surgeon during tumor resection,  since the goal of the tumor resection is the complete removal, while saving as much healthy brain tissue as possible. In  recent years, optical coherence tomography (OCT) was successfully used to classify white matter from tumor infiltrated  white matter by several research groups. Motivated by these results, a dataset was created, which consisted of sets of  corresponding ex vivo OCT images, which were acquired by two OCT-systems with different properties (e.g. wavelength  and resolution). Each image was annotated with semantic labels. The labels differentiate between white and gray matter  and three different stages of tumor infiltration. The data from both systems not only allowed a comparison of the ability of  a system to identify the different tissue types present during the tumor resection, but also enable a multimodal tissue  analysis evaluating corresponding OCT images of the two systems simultaneously. A convolutional neural network with  dirichlet prior was trained, which allowed to capture the uncertainty of a prediction. The approach increased the sensitivity  of identifying tumor infiltration from 58 % to 78 % for data with a low prediction uncertainty compared to a previous  monomodal approach. },
keywords = {optical coherence tomography, oct, brain, classification, tumor, dual wavelength, glioblastoma multiforme, tissue analysis},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1117/12.2649963},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2649963}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2670944,
author = {Nicolas Detrez and Sazgar Burhan and Paul Strenge and Jessica Kren and Christian Hagel and Matteo Mario Bonsanto and Dirk Theisen-Kunde and Robert Huber and Ralf Brinkmann},
title = {{Air-jet based optical coherence elastography of brain tumor tissue: stiffness evaluation by structural histological analysis}},
volume = {12629},
booktitle = {Emerging Technologies for Cell and Tissue Characterization II},
editor = {Seemantini K. Nadkarni and Giuliano Scarcelli},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {126290M},
keywords = {Optical Coherence Elastography, Air-Jet, Phase-sensitive OCT, Histology Structure Analysis, Color-Deconvolution, Structural Tensors, Brain tumor, Tissue Characterization},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1117/12.2670944},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2670944}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2649835,
author = {Nicolas Detrez and Sazgar Burhan and Katharina Rewerts and Jessica Kren and Christian Hagel and Matteo Mario Bonsanto and Dirk Theisen-Kunde and Robert Huber and Ralf Brinkmann},
title = {{Air-Jet based optical coherence elastography: processing and mechanical interpretation of brain tumor data}},
volume = {12381},
booktitle = {Optical Elastography and Tissue Biomechanics X},
editor = {Kirill V. Larin and Giuliano Scarcelli and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}rique Vanholsbeeck},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {1238105},
keywords = {Optical Coherence Elastography, Air-Jet, Air-Puff, biomechanics, viscoelasticity, rheology, brain tissue, brain tumor},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1117/12.2649835},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2649835}
}

@inproceedings{RN5454,
   author = {Theisen-Kunde, D;Kren, J;Hutfilz, A;Bonsanto, M and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Clinical evaluation of thulium laser/ultrasonic aspirator combination instrument during neurosurgical tumour resection},
   booktitle = {ECBO},
   publisher = {SPIE},
   url = {https://spie.org/european-conference-on-biomedical-optics/presentation/Clinical-evaluation-of-thulium-laser-ultrasonic-aspirator-combination-instrument-during/12627-34},
   type = {Conference Proceedings}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2670902,
author = {Paula Enzian and Birgit Lange and Zuzana Penxov{\'a} and Anke Leichtle and Yoko Miura and Karl-Ludwig Bruchhage and Ralf Brinkmann},
title = {{Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of human middle ear tissue samples}},
volume = {12627},
booktitle = {Translational Biophotonics: Diagnostics and Therapeutics III},
editor = {Zhiwei Huang and Lothar D. Lilge},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {126271T},
keywords = {FLIM, autofluorescence, otitis media, cholesteatoma, middle ear, inflammation},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1117/12.2670902},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2670902}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2670874,
author = {Christin Grill and Julie-Jacqueline Kuhl and Maximiliane Amelie Schlenz and Ralf Brinkmann},
title = {{Monitoring of fatigue damage in monolithic dental CAD/CAM crowns by optical coherence tomography}},
volume = {12632},
booktitle = {Optical Coherence Imaging Techniques and Imaging in Scattering Media V},
editor = {Benjamin J. Vakoc and Maciej Wojtkowski and Yoshiaki Yasuno},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {126320J},
keywords = {Optical Coherence Tomography, OCT, Monolithic dental crowns, CAD/CAM materials, Microcracks, Non-destructive method, Fatigue damage, Dental materials},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1117/12.2670874},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2670874}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2652847,
author = {Sazgar Burhan and Nicolas Detrez and Katharina Rewerts and Madita G{\"o}b and Steffen Buschschl{\"u}ter and Christian Hagel and Matteo Mario Bonsanto M.D. and Dirk Theisen-Kunde and Robert Huber and Ralf Brinkmann},
title = {{Phase analysis strategies for MHz OCE in the large displacement regime}},
volume = {12367},
booktitle = {Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Domain Optical Methods in Biomedicine XXVII},
editor = {Joseph A. Izatt and James G. Fujimoto},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {123670Q},
abstract = {In neurosurgical tumor operations on the central nervous system, intraoperative haptic information often assists for discrimination between healthy and diseased tissue. Thus, it can provide the neurosurgeon with additional intraoperative source of information during resection, next to the visual information by the light microscope, fluorescent dyes and neuronavigation. One approach to obtain elastic and viscoelastic tissue characteristics non-subjectively is phase-sensitive optical coherence elastography (OCE), which is based on the principle of optical coherence tomography (OCT). While phase-sensitive OCE offers significantly higher displacement sensitivity inside a sample than commonly used intensity-based correlation methods, it requires a reliable algorithm to recover the phase signal, which is mathematically restricted in the -π to π range. This problem of phase wrapping is especially critical for inter-frame phase analysis since the time intervals between two referenced voxels is long. Here, we demonstrate a one-dimensional unwrapping algorithm capable of removing up to 4π-ambiguities between two frames in the complex phase data obtained from a 3.2 MHz-OCT system. The high sampling rate allows us to resolve large sample displacements induced by a 200 ms air pulse and acquires pixel-precise detail information. The deformation behavior of the tissue can be monitored over the entire acquisition time, offering various subsequent mechanical analysis procedures. The reliability of the algorithm and imaging concept was initially evaluated using different brain tumor mimicking phantoms. Additionally, results from human ex vivo brain tumor samples are presented and correlated with histological findings supporting the robustness of the algorithm.},
keywords = {Optical Coherence Tomography, Megahertz OCT, Fourier Domain Mode Locking, Optical Coherence Elastography, Phase-sensitive OCT, Phase Unwrapping, Brain tumor, Biomechanics},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1117/12.2652847},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2652847}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2670839,
author = {Dirk Theisen-Kunde and Claus von der Burchard and Veit Danicke and Jan-Eric Fleger and Christopher Kren and Sebastian Wittmeier and Johann Roider and Ralf Brinkmann},
title = {{Real-time temperature-control for cw retinal laser therapy in a clinical study}},
volume = {12627},
booktitle = {Translational Biophotonics: Diagnostics and Therapeutics III},
editor = {Zhiwei Huang and Lothar D. Lilge},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {1262723},
keywords = {retinal laser, real time temperature control, clinical study, CSCR},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1117/12.2670839},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2670839}
}

@article{Strenge-2022,
   author = {Strenge, P.;Lange, B.;Grill,C.;Danicke,V.;Theisen-Kunde, D.;Hagel, C.;Spahr-Hess, S.;;Bonsanto, Matteo M.;Handels, H.; and Huber, R.;Brinkmann, R.},
   title = {Differentiation of different stages of brain tumor infiltration using optical coherence tomography: Comparison of two systems and histology},
   journal = {Frontiers in Oncology},
Keywords = {AG-Huber_FDML, AG-Huber_OCT, brain, tumor, glioblastoma multiforme, OCT, neural network, attenuation (absorption)
coefficient, optical coherence tomography},
   DOI = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.896060},
   url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.896060/full},
   year = {2022},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Strenge2022,
   author = {Strenge, P;Lange, B;Grill, C;Draxinger, W;Danicke, V;Theisen-Kunde, D;Hagel, C;Spahr-Hess, S;Bonsanto, Matteo M.;Huber, R;Handels, H and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Registration of histological brain images onto optical coherence tomography images based on shape information},
keywords = {brain, glioblastoma multiforme, shape, OCT, optical coherence tomography, AG-Huber_OCT,},
   journal = {Physics in Medicine & Biology},
   ISSN = {0031-9155},
   url = {http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6560/ac6d9d},
   year = {2022},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Yashin-2022,
   author = {Yashin, K;Bonsanto, M M;Achkasova, K;Zolotova, A;Wael, Al-M;Kiseleva, E;Moiseev, A;Medyanik, I;Kravets, L;Huber, R;Brinkmann, R and Gladkova, N},
   title = {OCT-Guided Surgery for Gliomas: Current Concept and Future Perspectives},
   journal = {Diagnostics},
   volume = {12},
   number = {2},
   pages = {335},
   ISSN = {2075-4418},
keywords = {AG-Huber; optical coherence tomography; brain imaging; neurosurgical guidance; brain tumor; minimally invasive theranostics; intraoperative imaging},
   url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/2/335},
   year = {2022},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Schaller2022,
   author = {Schaller, M.;Kleyman, K.;Mordmüller, M.;Schmidt, C.;Wilson, M.;Brinkmann, R.;Müller, M.A. and Worthmann, K.},
   title = {Model predictive control for retinal laser treatment at 1 kHz},
   journal = {at - Automatisierungstechnik},
   volume = {70(11)},
   keywords = {model predictive control; real-time control;retinal photocoagulation},
   pages = {992-1002},
  
   url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2022-0030},
   year = {2022},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Schaller2022,
   author = {Schaller, M;Wilson, M;Kleyman, V;Mordmüller, M;Brinkmann, R;Müller, M. A. and Worthmann, K},
   title = {Parameter estimation and model reduction for model predictive control in retinal laser treatment},
   journal = {Control Engineering Practice},
   volume = {128},
   pages = {105320},
   ISSN = {0967-0661},
   DOI = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2022.105320},

   year = {2022},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Miura2022,
   author = {Miura, Y;Inagaki, K;Hutfilz, A;Seifert, E;Schmarbeck, B;Murakami, A;Ohkoshi, K and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Temperature Increase and Damage Extent at Retinal Pigment Epithelium Compared between Continuous Wave and Micropulse Laser Application},
   journal = {Life},
   volume = {12(9)},
  
   pages = {1313},
   ISSN = {2075-1729},
   url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/12/9/1313},
   year = {2022},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Lange2022,
   author = {Lange, B;Ozimek, T;Wießmeyer, J R;Kramer, M W.;Merseburger, A S. and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Theoretical and experimental evaluation of the distance dependence of fiber-based fluorescence and reflection measurements for laser lithotripsy},
   journal = {Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express},
   volume = {8},
   number = {5},
abstract = {Objectives. In laser lithotripsy, a green aiming beam overlying the infrared (IR) treatment radiation gives rise to reflection and fluorescence signals that can be measured via the treatment fiber. While stone autofluorescence is used for target detection, the condition of the fiber can be assessed based on its Fresnel reflection. For good applicability, fluorescence detection of stones should work even when the stone and fiber are not in direct contact. Fiber breakage detection, on the other hand, can be falsified if surfaces located in front of the fiber reflect light from the aiming laser back into it. For both applications, therefore, a fundamental investigation of the dependence of the signal amplitude on the distance between fiber and surface is important. Methods. Calculations of the signal drop of fluorescence or diffuse and specular reflection with increasing fiber distance were performed using ray tracing based on a simple geometric model for different fiber core diameters. Reflection signals from a mirror, diffuse reflector, human calculi, and porcine renal tissue placed in water were measured at varying distances (0–5 mm). For human calculi, fluorescence signals were recorded simultaneously. Results. The calculations showed a linear signal decrease down to ∼60% of the maximum signal (fiber in contact). The distance z at which the signal drops to for example 50% depends linearly on the diameter of the fiber core. For fibers used in lithotripsy and positioned in water, z50% ranges from 0.55 mm (200 μm core diameter) to 2.73 mm, (1 mm core diameter). The calculations were in good agreement with the experimental results. Conclusions. The autofluorescence signals of stones can be measured in non-contact mode. Evaluating the Fresnel signal of the end face of the fiber to detect breakage is possible unless the fiber is situated less than some millimeters to reflecting surfaces.},
keywords = {urolithiasis, laser lithotripsy, fluorescence, reflectance},
   pages = {055023},
   ISSN = {2057-1976},
   DOI = {10.1088/2057-1976/ac82c7},
   
   year = {2022},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inproceedings{Strenge:21,
author = {P. Strenge, B. Lange, C. Grill, W. Draxinger, V. Danicke, D. Theisen-Kunde, H. Handels, M. M. Bonsanto, C. Hagel, R. Huber and R. Brinkmann},
journal = {European Conferences on Biomedical Optics 2021 (ECBO)},
keywords = {AG-Huber_OCT; Absorption coefficient; Attenuation coefficient; Fourier domain mode locking; Multiple scattering; Optical coherence tomography; Spectral domain optical coherence tomography},
pages = {EW1C.7},
publisher = {Optical Society of America},
title = {Comparison of two optical coherence tomography systems to identify human brain tumor},
year = {2021},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2616044},
abstract = {The identification of ex vivo brain tumor tissue was investigated with two different optical coherence tomography systems exploiting two optical parameters. The optical parameters were calculated from semantically labelled OCT B-scans.},
}

@inproceedings{Detrez:21,
author = {N. Detrez, K. Rewerts, M. Matthiae, S. Buschschlueter, M.M. Bonsanto, D. Theisen-Kunde and R. Brinkmann},
journal = {European Conferences on Biomedical Optics 2021 (ECBO)},
keywords = {AG-Huber_OCT},
pages = {EW4A.10},
publisher = {Optical Society of America},
title = {Flow Controlled Air Puff Generator Towards In Situ Brain Tumor Detection Based on MHz Optical Coherence Elastography},
year = {2021},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2615022},
abstract = {A precision air puff excitation system for MHz Optical Coherence Elastography in neurosurgery was developed. It enables non-contact soft-tissue excitation down to {\textmu}N, with direct, noncontact force determination via gas flow measurement.},
}

@inproceedings{Rewerts2021ECBO,
author = {K. Rewerts, M. Matthiae, N. Detrez, S. Buschschlueter, M.M. Bonsanto, R. Huber and R. Brinkmann},
journal = {European Conferences on Biomedical Optics 2021 (ECBO)},
keywords = {AG-Huber_OCT},
pages = {ETh3A.3},
publisher = {Optical Society of America},
title = {Phase-Sensitive Optical Coherence Elastography with a 3.2 MHz FDML-Laser Using Focused Air-Puff Tissue Indentation},
year = {2021},
url = {http://www.osapublishing.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ECBO-2021-ETh3A.3},
abstract = {Tumor discrimination from healthy tissue is often performed by haptically probing tissue elasticity. We demonstrate non-contact elastography using air-puff excitation and tissue indentation measurement by phase-sensitive OCT with a 3.2 MHz FDML-laser.},
}

@article{Hakert2021,
   author = {H. Hakert, M. Eibl, M. Tillich, R.Pries, G. Hüttmann, R. Brinkmann, B. Wollenberg, K-L. Bruchhage, S. Karpf and R. Huber},
   title = {Time-encoded stimulated Raman scattering microscopy of tumorous human pharynx tissue in the fingerprint region from 1500–1800  cm-1},
   journal = {Optics Letters},
   volume = {46(14)},
   number = {14},
   pages = {3456-3459},
keywords = {AG-Huber_NL, Clinical applications, Master oscillator power amplifiers, Optical coherence tomography, Raman scattering, Stimulated Raman scattering, Stimulated scattering},
   DOI = {https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.424726},
   year = {2021},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inproceedings{Strenge2021A,
author = {P. Strenge, B. Lange, C. Grill, W. Draxinger, V. Danicke, D. Theisen-Kunde, H. Handels, M. Bonsanto, C. Hagel, R. Huber and R. Brinkmann},
title = {{Characterization of brain tumor tissue with 1310 nm optical coherence tomography}},
volume = {11630},
booktitle = {Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Domain Optical Methods in Biomedicine XXV},
editor = {Joseph A. Izatt and James G. Fujimoto},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {74 -- 80},
abstract = {The separation of tumorous brain tissue and healthy brain tissue is still a big challenge in the field of neurosurgery, especially when it comes to the detection of different infiltration grades of glioblastoma multiforme at the tumor border. On the basis of a recently created labelled OCT dataset of ex vivo glioblastoma multiforme tumor samples the detection of brain tumor tissue and the identification of zones with varying degrees of infiltration of tumor cells was investigated. The identification was based on the optical properties, which were extracted by an exponential fit function. The results showed that a separation of tumorous tissue and healthy white matter based on these optical properties is possible. A support vector machine was trained on the optical properties to separate tumor from healthy white matter tissue, which achieved a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 76% on an independent training dataset.},
keywords = {AG-Huber_OCT, optical coherence tomography, OCT, glioblastoma multiforme, MHz-OCT, brain imaging, tumor, neurosurgery},
year = {2021},
URL = {hhttps://doi.org/10.1117/12.2578409}
}

@inproceedings{Strenge2021,
author = {P. Strenge, B. Lange, C. Grill, W. Draxinger, V. Danicke, D. Theisen-Kunde, H. Handels, C. Hagel, M. Bonsanto, R. Huber and R. Brinkmann},
title = {{Creating a depth-resolved OCT-dataset for supervised classification based on ex vivo human brain samples}},
volume = {11630},
booktitle = {Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Domain Optical Methods in Biomedicine XXV},
editor = {Joseph A. Izatt and James G. Fujimoto},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {66 -- 73},
abstract = {Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has the potential to become an additional imaging modality for surgical guidance in the field of neurosurgery, especially when it comes to the detection of different infiltration grades of glioblastoma multiforme at the tumor border. Interpretation of the images, however, is still a big challenge. A method to create a labeled OCT dataset based on ex vivo brain samples is introduced. The tissue samples were embedded in an agarose mold giving them a distinctive shape before images were acquired with two OCT systems (spectral domain (SD) and swept source (SS) OCT) and histological sections were created and segmented by a neuropathologist. Based on the given shape, the corresponding OCT images for each histological image can be determined. The transfer of the labels from the histological images onto the OCT images was done with a non-affine image registration approach based on the tissue shape. It was demonstrated that finding OCT images of a tissue sample corresponding to segmented histological images without any color or laser marking is possible. It was also shown that the set labels can be transferred onto OCT images. The accuracy of method is 26 ± 11 pixel, which translates to 192 ± 75 μm for the SS-OCT and 94 ± 43 μm for the SD-OCT. The dataset consists of several hundred labeled OCT images, which can be used to train a classification algorithm.},
keywords = {AG-Huber_OCT, optical coherence tomography, OCT, image registration, glioblastoma multiforme, MHz-OCT, brain imaging, tumor, neurosurgery},
year = {2021},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2578391}
}

@inproceedings{Theisen-Kunde:21,
author = {D. Theisen-Kunde and W. Draxinger and M. M. Bonsanto and Paul Strenge and Nicolas Detrez and R. Huber and R. Brinkmann},
booktitle = {European Conferences on Biomedical Optics 2021 (ECBO)},
journal = {European Conferences on Biomedical Optics 2021 (ECBO)},
keywords = {Clinical applications; Fourier domain mode locking; Optical coherence tomography; Optical fibers; Three dimensional reconstruction; White light},
pages = {ETu4A.2},
publisher = {Optica Publishing Group},
title = {1.6 MHz FDML OCT for Intraoperative Imaging in Neurosurgery},
year = {2021},
url = {https://opg.optica.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ECBO-2021-ETu4A.2},
doi = {10.1364/ECBO.2021.ETu4A.2},
abstract = {A 1.6 MHz Fourier-domain mode-locked (FDML) optical coherence tomography (OCT) was adapted to an OR-Microscope for clinical application in neurosurgery. 3D-volume scans at video rate are envisaged with approximately 50{\textmu}m lateral and 20{\textmu}m axial resolution.},
}

@article{Seifert2021,
   author = {Seifert, E;Tode, J;Pielen, A;Theisen-Kunde, D;Framme, C;Roider, J;Miura, Y;Birngruber, R and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Algorithms for optoacoustically controlled selective retina therapy (SRT)},
   journal = {Photoacoustics},
Keywords = {SRT; Lasers in medicine; Ophthalmology; RPE; Selectivity; Algorithm; Retina therapy; Optoacoustics; Feedback},
   volume = {25},
   pages = {100316},
   ISSN = {2213-5979},
   url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213597921000756},
   year = {2021},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Burri2021,
   author = {Burri, C;Hutfilz, A;Grimm, L;Salzmann, S;Arnold, P;Považay, B;Meier, C;Ebneter, A;Theisen-Kunde, D and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Dynamic OCT Signal Loss for Determining RPE Radiant Exposure Damage Thresholds in Microsecond Laser Microsurgery},
   journal = {Applied Sciences},
   volume = {11(12)},
   
   pages = {5535},
   ISSN = {2076-3417},
   DOI = { https://doi.org/10.3390/app11125535},
   url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/12/5535},
   year = {2021},
keywords = {selective retina therapy; viability assay; photocoagulation; microbubble formation;
thermomechanical damage; fringe washout; coherence-loss},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Kyo-2021,
   author = {Kyo, A.;Yamamoto, M.;Hirayama, K.;Kohno, T.;Theisen-Kunde, D.;Brinkmann, R.;Miura, Y. and Honda, S.},
   title = {Factors affecting resolution of subretinal fluid after selective retina therapy for central serous chorioretinopathy},
   journal = {Sci Rep},
   volume = {11(1)},
  
   pages = {8973},
   ISSN = {2045-2322},
   DOI = {10.1038/s41598-021-88372-8},
   year = {2021},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Miura2021-2,
   author = {Sonntag, S R;Seifert, E;Hamann, M;Lewke, B;Theisen-Kunde, D;Grisanti, S;Brinkmann, R and Miura, Y},
   title = {Fluorescence Lifetime Changes Induced by Laser Irradiation: A Preclinical Study towards the Evaluation of Retinal Metabolic States},
   journal = {Life},
   volume = {11(6)},
  keywords = {retinal laser treatment; metabolic change; fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy},
   pages = {555},
   ISSN = {2075-1729},
   url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/6/555},
   year = {2021},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Seifert2021,
   author = {Seifert, E;Sonntag, S R;Kleingarn, P;Theisen-Kunde, D;Grisanti, S;Birngruber, R;Miura, Y and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Investigations on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Damage at Laser Irradiation in the Lower Microsecond Time Regime},
   journal = {Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science},
   volume = {62(3)},
  
   pages = {32-32},
   ISSN = {1552-5783},
   DOI = {10.1167/iovs.62.3.32},
   url = {https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.62.3.32},
   year = {2021},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Büttner2021,
   author = {Büttner, M.;Luger, B.;Abou Moulig, W.;Junker, B.;Framme, C.;Jacobsen, C.;Knoll, K. and Pielen, A.; SRT Study Group(Brinkmann, R.; Miura, Y.)},
   title = {Selective retina therapy (SRT) in patients with therapy refractory persistent acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC): 3 months functional and morphological results},
   journal = {Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol},
   volume = {259},
   number = {6},
   pages = {1401-1410},
   ISSN = {0721-832X (Print)
0721-832x},
   DOI = {10.1007/s00417-020-04999-9},
abstract = { PURPOSE: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a disease presenting with detachment of the neurosensory retina and characteristic focal leakage on fluorescein angiography. The spontaneous remission rate is 84% within 6 months. In this study, the efficacy of selective retina therapy (SRT) was examined in patients with therapy refractory persistent acute CSC defined by symptoms for at least 6 months and persistent subretinal fluid (SRF) despite eplerenone therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a prospective, monocentric observational study in 17 eyes (16 patients, mean age 42 years, 2 female). SRT was performed with the approved R:GEN laser (Lutronic, South Korea), a micropulsed 527-nm Nd:YLF laser device, with a train of 30 pulses of 1.7 μs at 100-Hz repetition rate at the point of focal leakage determined by fluorescein angiography (FA) at baseline (BSL). Visits on BSL, week 4 (wk4), and week 12 (wk12) included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA, logMar), central retinal thickness (CRT) on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and FA. Statistical analysis was performed by pair-by-pair comparisons of multiple observations in each case with Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. (IBM SPSS Statistics 25®). RESULTS: Mean CRT at BSL was 387.69 ± 110.4 μm. CRT significantly decreased by 106.31 μm in wk4 (95%-KI: 21.42-191.2; p = 0.01), by 133.63 μm in wk12 (95%-KI: 50.22-217.03; p = 0.001) and by 133.81 μm (95%-KI: 48.88-218.75; p = 0.001) compared to BSL. Treatment success defined as complete resolution of SRF occurred at wk4 in 7/17 eyes (35.3%) and at wk12 in 10/17 eyes (58.8%). Re-SRT was performed in 7/17 eyes (41.2%) after an average of 107.14 ± 96.59 days. Treatment success after Re-SRT was observed in 4/6 eyes (66.6%, 12 weeks after Re-SRT). Mean BCVA did not change significantly from BSL to any later timepoint after adjusting for multiple testing. Notably, eyes with treatment success showed better BCVA at all timepoints and gained more letters compared to failures. CONCLUSION: Single or repetitive SRT may be an effective and safe treatment in 2 of 3 patients suffering from acute persistent CSC after 6 months of symptoms or more. We observed complete resolution of SRF in around 60% of eyes 12 weeks after first SRT treatment and also 12 weeks after Re-SRT treatment in eyes with persistent or recurrent SRF. Results on the long-term course after SRT are still pending.},
keywords = { Central serous chorioretinopathy; Fluorescein angiography; Micropulse laser; OCT; Persistent acute disease; Selective retina treatment; Subretinal fluid. },
   year = {2021},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Richert2021,
   title        = {Selective retina therapy and thermal stimulation of the retina: different regenerative properties - implications for AMD therapy},
   author       = {Richert, E;Papenkort, J;von der Burchard, C;Klettner, A;Arnold, P;Lucius, R;Brinkmann, R;Framme, C;Roider, J and Tode, J},
   year         = 2021,
   journal      = {BMC Ophthalmology},
   volume       = {21(1)},
   pages        = 412,
   issn         = {1471-2415},
   url          = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-021-02188-8},
   keywords     = {Selective retina therapy (SRT), Thermal stimulation of the retina (TSR),  Age- related macular  degeneration (AMD), Regeneration, Rejuvenation},
   type         = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Kleyman2021,
   author = {Kleyman, V;Schaller, M;Wilson, M;Mordmüller, M;Brinkmann, R;Worthmann, K and Müller, M.A.},
   title = {State and parameter estimation for model-based retinal laser treatment⁎⁎The collaborative project ”Temperature controlled retinal laser treatment” is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) under the project number 430154635 (MU 3929/3-1, WO 2056/7-1, BR 1349/6-1). MS was also funded by the DFG (grant WO 2056/2-1, project number 289034702). KW gratefully acknowledges funding by the German Research Foundation (DFG; grant WO 2056/6-1, project number 406141926)},
   journal = {IFAC-PapersOnLine},
   volume = {54(6)},
 
   pages = {244-250},
   ISSN = {2405-8963},
   DOI = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2021.08.552},
   url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405896321013276},
   year = {2021},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inproceedings{Mordmüller2021,
   author = {Mordmüller, M;Kleymann, V;Schaller, M;Wilson, M;Wothmann, K;Müller, M A and Brinkman, R},
   title = { Towards Model-based Control Techniques for Retinal Laser
Treatment Using Only One Laser},
   booktitle = {ECBO},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2615851},
year = {2021},
   type = {Conference Proceedings}
}

@article{Mordmüller-2021,
   author = {Mordmüller, M;Kleyman, V;Schaller, M;Wilson, M;Theisen-Kunde, D;Worthmann, K;Müller, M.A and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Towards temperature controlled retinal laser treatment with a single laser at 10 kHz repetition rate},
   journal = {Advanced Optical Technologies},
Keywords = {extended Kalman filter; laser-coagulation; model predictive control; ophthalmology; photo-acoustics},
  
   url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/aot-2021-0041},
   year = {2021},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{RN5351,
   author = {Richert, E;von der Burchard, C;Klettner, A;Arnold, P;Lucius, R;Brinkmann, R;Roider, J and Tode, J},
   title = {Modulation of inflammatory processes by thermal stimulating and RPE regenerative laser therapies in age related macular degeneration mouse models},
   journal = {Cytokine: X},
   volume = {2},
   number = {3},
   pages = {100031},
   ISSN = {2590-1532},
   DOI = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytox.2020.100031},
   url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590153220300112},
   year = {2020},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inproceedings{Strenge2020,
author = {P. Strenge and B. Lange and C. Grill and W. Draxinger and M. M. Bonsanto and C. Hagel and R. Huber and R. Brinkmann},
title = {{Segmented OCT data set for depth resolved brain tumor detection validated by histological analysis}},
volume = {11228},
booktitle = {Optical Coherence Tomography and Coherence Domain Optical Methods in Biomedicine XXIV},
editor = {Joseph A. Izatt and James G. Fujimoto},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {82 -- 89},
keywords = {AG-Huber_OCT, Optical coherence tomography, OCT, FDML Laser, MHz-OCT, brain tumor, brain imaging, neurosurgery},
year = {2020},

URL = {  https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/11228/112282O/Segmented-OCT-data-set-for-depth-resolved-brain-tumor-detection/10.1117/12.2545659.short}
}

@article{brinkmann2020-2,
   author = {Luecking, M;Brinkmann, R;Ramos, Sc;Stork, W and Heussner, N},
   title = {Capabilities and limitations of a new thermal finite volume model for the evaluation of laser-induced thermo-mechanical retinal damage},
   journal = {CompBioMed},
   volume = {122},
   pages = {103835},
   ISSN = {0010-4825},
   DOI = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103835},
 
   year = {2020},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Brinkmann2020,
   author = {Richert, E;Bartsch, S;Hillenkamp, J;Treumer, F;Tode, J;von der Burchard, C;Brinkmann, R;Klettner, A K and Roider, J},
   title = {Einfluss der Selektiven Retinatherapie (SRT) auf inflammatorische Zellmediatoren des subretinalen Raums},
   journal = {Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd},
   volume = {237(02)},
   
   pages = {192-201},
   ISSN = {0023-2165},
   DOI = {10.1055/a-0838-5633},
   year = {2020},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Kleymann2020,
   author = {Kleymann, V;Gernandt, H;Worthmann, K;Hossam, S.A;Brinkmann, R and Müller, A.M},
   title = {Modeling parameter for temperature controlled retinal laser therapies },
   journal = {DeGruyter-at-Automatisierungstechnik},
   volume = {68(11)},
keywords = {retinal photocoagulation, parametric model order
reduction, identification},
   pages = {953-966},
  URL = {https://www.degruyter.com/view/journals/auto/68/11/article-p953.xml},
   year = {2020},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Miura2020-2,
   author = {Yamamoto, M;Miura, Y;Hirayama, K;;Kohno, T;Kabata, D;Theisen-Kunde, D;Brinkmann, R and Honda, S;},
   title = {Predictive factors of outcome of selective retina therapy for diabetic macular edema},
   journal = {International Ophthalmology},
   ISSN = {1573-2630},
   
   url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-020-01288-6},
   year = {2020},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Richert2020,
   author = {Richert, E;Papenkort, J;Klettner, A;Tode, J;Koinzer, S;Brinkmann, R;Fink, C;Roeder, T;Lucius, R. and Roider, J},
   title = {Response of Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE)‐Choroid Explants to Thermal Stimulation Therapy of the RPE (TSR)},
   journal = {Lasers in Surgery and Medicine},
Keywords = {age‐related macular degeneration; thermal stimulation therapy of the retinal pigment epithelium;
matrix metalloproteases; pigment epithelium derived factor; retinal pigment epithelium; vascular endothelial
growth factor; transforming growth factor‐β},
   DOI = {DOI 10.1002/lsm.23288},
   year = {2020},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Hirayama2020,
   author = {Hirayama, K.;Yamamoto, M.;Kohno, T.;Kyo, A.;Theisen-Kunde, D.;Brinkmann, R.;Miura, Y. and Honda, S.},
   title = {Selective retina therapy (SRT) for macular serous retinal detachment associated with tilted disc syndrome},
   journal = {Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol},
   ISSN = {0721-832x},
 volume = {259},
   pages = {387-393},
   DOI = {10.1007/s00417-020-04931-1},
   year = {2020},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{yamamoto2020,
   author = {Yamamoto, M;Miura, Y;Kyo, A;Hirayama, K;Kohno, T;Theisen-Kunde, D;Brinkmann, R and Honda, S},
   title = {Selective retina therapy for subretinal fluid associated with choroidal nevus},
   journal = {Amer J Ophthalm Case Rep},
   volume = {19},
   pages = {100794},
   ISSN = {2451-9936},
keywords = {Laser therapy, Choroidal tumor, Retinal pigment epithelium, Retinal disorder},
   DOI = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoc.2020.100794},
   
   year = {2020},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2507866,
author = {Jan Philip Kolb and Daniel Weng and Hubertus Hakert and Matthias Eibl and Wolfgang Draxinger and Tobias Meyer and Thomas Gottschall and Ralf  Brinkmann and Reginald Birngruber and J{\"u}rgen Popp and Jens Limpert and Sebastian Nino Karpf and Robert Huber},
title = {{Virtual HE histology by fiber-based picosecond two-photon microscopy}},
volume = {10882},
booktitle = {Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences XIX},
editor = {Ammasi Periasamy and Peter T. C. So and Karsten K{\"o}nig},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {108822F},
abstract = {Two-Photon Microscopy (TPM) can provide three-dimensional morphological and functional contrast in vivo. Through proper staining, TPM can be utilized to create virtual, HE equivalent images and thus can improve throughput in histology-based applications. We previously reported on a new light source for TPM that employs a compact and robust fiber-amplified, directly modulated laser. This laser is pulse-to-pulse wavelength switchable between 1064 nm, 1122 nm, and 1186 nm with an adjustable pulse duration from 50ps to 5ns and arbitrary repetition rates up to 1MHz at kW-peak powers. Despite the longer pulse duration, it can achieve similar average signal levels compared to fs-setups by lowering the repetition rate to achieve similar cw and peak power levels. The longer pulses lead to a larger number of photons per pulse, which yields single shot fluorescence lifetime measurements (FLIM) by applying a fast 4 GSamples/s digitizer. In the previous setup, the wavelengths were limited to 1064 nm and longer. Here, we use four wave mixing in a non-linear photonic crystal fiber to expand the wavelength range down to 940 nm. This wavelength is highly suitable for imaging green fluorescent proteins in neurosciences and stains such as acridine orange (AO), eosin yellow (EY) and sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) used for histology applications. In a more compact setup, we also show virtual HE histological imaging using a direct 1030 nm fiber MOPA.},
keywords = {Multiphoton Microscopy, Four Wave Mixing, FWM, Histology, Laser, Non Linear Microscopy, Two Photon Microscopy, JenLab Young Investigator Award},
year = {2019},
doi = {10.1117/12.2507866},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2507866}
}

@article{Miura2019/3,
   
   author = {Miura, Y;Lewke, B;Hutfilz, A and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Change in fluorescence lifetime of retinal pigment epithelium under oxidative stress},
   journal = {Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi },
  
   pages = {105-114},
   url = {http://journal.nichigan.or.jp/Disp?style=abst&vol=123&year=2019&mag=0&number=2&start=105},
   year = {2019},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Miura2019,
   author = {Hirayama, K;Manabu Yamamoto, M; Takeya Kohno, T; Miura, Y; Brinkmann, R;  Shiraki,K;Theisen-Kunde, D; and Honda, S;},
   title = {Change in the Thickness of Retinal Layers after Selective Retina
Therapy (SRT) in Patients with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy},
   journal = {Osaka City Med.},
   volume = {65},
   pages = {55-63},
   url = {http://dlisv03.media.osaka-cu.ac.jp/il/meta_pub/G0000438repository_00306096-65-1-55},
   year = {2019},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Hutfilz2019,
   author = {Hutfilz, A;Sonntag, S;Lewke, B;Theisen-Kunde, D;Grisanti, S;Brinkmann, R and Miura, Y},
   title = {Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Ophthalmoscopy of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium During Wound Healing After Laser Irradiation},
   journal = {Translational Vision Science & Technology},
   volume = {8(5)},
 
   ISSN = {2164-2591},
   DOI = {10.1167/tvst.8.5.12},
   year = {2019},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inproceedings{Detrez2019,
   author = {Detrez, N;Miura, Y;Seifert, E;Theisen-Kunde, D and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Heating and optoacoustic temperature determination of cell cultures},
   publisher = {SPIE},
   volume = {11079},
   series = {European Conferences on Biomedical Optics},
booktitle =    {Proc. SPIE 11079, Medical Laser Applications
and Laser-Tissue Interactions IX},
   url = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2527024},
keywords = {Laser, Noninvasive thermometry, hyperthermia, temperature measurement, photoacoustics}, optoacoustics,
   year = {2019},
   type = {Conference Proceeding}
}

@article{Brinkmann2020,
   author = {Strittmatter, F;Eisel, M; Brinkmann, R; Cordes, J;Lange, B and Sroka, R},
   title = {Laser-induced lithotripsy: a review, insight into laboratory work, and lessons learned},
   journal = {Translational Biophotonics},
   volume = {n/a},
   number = {n/a},
   pages = {e201900029},
   ISSN = {2627-1850},
   DOI = {10.1002/tbio.201900029},
   url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/tbio.201900029},
   year = {2019},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Miura2019/4,
   author = {Miura, Y;Seifert, E;Rehra, J;Kern, K;Theisen-Kunde, D;Denton, M and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Real-time optoacoustic temperature determination on cell cultures during heat exposure: a feasibility study},
   journal = {Int J Hyperth},
   pages = {1-7},
   ISSN = {0265-6736},
  
   url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/02656736.2019.1590653},
   year = {2019},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inbook{Brinkmann2019,
   author = {Považay, Boris;Brinkmann, Ralf;Stoller, Markus and Kessler, Ralf},
   title = {Selective Retina Therapy},
   booktitle = {High Resolution Imaging in Microscopy and Ophthalmology: New Frontiers in Biomedical Optics},
   editor = {Bille, Josef F.},
   publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
   address = {Cham},
   pages = {237-259},
   ISBN = {978-3-030-16638-0},
  
   url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16638-0_11},
   year = {2019},
   type = {Book Section}
}

@article{seifert2018,
   author = {Seifert, E; Tode, J; Pielen, A; Theisen-Kunde, D; Framme, C; Roider, J; Miura, Y; Birngruber, R and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Selective retina therapy: toward an optically controlled automatic dosing},
   journal = {J Biomed Opt},
   
   pages = {1-12},
   ISSN = {1560-2281 (Electronic)
1083-3668 (Linking)},
   DOI = {10.1117/1.JBO.23.11.115002},   
keywords = {algorithm, lasers in medicine, ophthalmology, retinal pigment epithelium, selective retina therapy, selectivity},
   year = {2018},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Brinkmann2018,
   author = {Han, J W; Choi, J; Kim, Y S, Kim, J; Brinkmann, R; Lyu, J and Park, T K},
   title = {Comparison of the neuroinflammatory responses to selective retina therapy and continuous-wave laser photocoagulation in mouse eyes},
   journal = {Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology},
   
   pages = {341-353},
 
URL= {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-017-3883-7},
   year = {2018},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Miura2018,
   author = {Kern, K; Mertineit, C L; Brinkmann, R and Miura, Y},
   title = {Expression of heat shock protein 70 and cell death kinetics after different thermal impacts on cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells},
   journal = {Exp Eye Res},
  
   pages = {117-126},
   ISSN = {1096-0007 (Electronic)
0014-4835 (Linking)},
   DOI = {10.1016/j.exer.2018.02.013},
   year = {2018},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Brinkmann2018,
   author = {Richert, E; Koinzer, S; Tode, J; Schlott, K; Brinkmann, R; Hillenkamp, J; Klettner, A and Roider, J},
   title = {Release of Different Cell Mediators During Retinal Pigment Epithelium Regeneration Following Selective Retina Therapy},
   journal = {Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science},
   
   pages = {1323-1331},
   ISSN = {1552-5783},
  
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.17-23163},
   year = {2018},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

   @book{Brinkmann2018/2,
   author = {Herzog, C;Thompson, O; Schmarbeck, B; Siebert, M and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Temperature-controlled laser therapy of the retina via robust adaptive Ɦ∞-control},
   publisher = {De Gruyter},
   
   journal = {at-Automatisierungstechnik},
   pages = {1051-1063},   
   year = {2018},
   type = {Book},
  URL = {https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2018-0066},
   
  
keywords = {Laser therapy; robust control; parameter estimation; photoacoustics; real-time temperature determination},
   abstract = {Recent studies demonstrate therapeutic benefits in retinal laser therapy even for non-visible effects of the irradiation. However, in practice, ophthalmologists often rely on the visual inspection of irradiation sites to manually set the laser power for subsequent ones. Since absorption properties vary strongly between sites, this procedure can lead to under- or over-treatment. To achieve safe automatic retinal laser therapy, this article proposes a robust control scheme based on photoacoustic feedback of the retinal temperature increase. The control scheme is further extended to adapt to real-time parameter estimates and associated bounds on the uncertainty of each irradiation site. Both approaches are successfully validated in ex vivo experiments on pigs’ eyes, achieving consistent irradiation durations of 55 ms despite the uncertainty in absorption properties.}
}

@article{Baade2017,
   author = {Baade, A; von der Burchard, C; Lawin, M; Koinzer, S; Schmarbeck, B; Schlott, K; Miura, Y; Roider, J; Birngruber, R and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Power-controlled temperature guided retinal laser therapy},
   journal = {J Biomed Opt},
   
   pages = {1-11},
   ISSN = {1083-3668},
   DOI = {10.1117/1.jbo.22.11.118001},
   year = {2017},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Verbytskyi2017,
   author = {Verbytskyi, Ievgen and Münter, Michael and Buj, Christian and Brinkmann, Ralf},
   title = {A Problem of a Displacement Calculation of Tissue Surface in Non-Contact Photoacoustic Tomography},
   journal = {Naukovi Visti NTUU KPI},
   number = {2},
   pages = {58-64},
   ISSN = {2519-8890},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/1810-0546.2017.2.98021},
   year = {2017},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Miura2017,
   author = {Miura, Y; Pruessner, J; Mertineit, C L; Kern, K; Muenter, M; Moltmann, M; Danicke, V and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Continuous-wave Thulium Laser for Heating Cultured Cells to Investigate Cellular Thermal Effects},
   journal = {J Vis Exp},
   
   ISSN = {1940-087x},
   DOI = {10.3791/54326},
   year = {2017},
   type = {Journal Article}
  } 

@article{Buj2017,
   author = {Buj, C; Münter, M; Schmarbeck, B; Horstmann, J; Hüttmann, G and Brinkmann, R},
   title = {Noncontact holographic detection for photoacoustic tomography},
   journal = {J Biomed Opt},
   
   pages = {1-14},
   DOI = {10.1117/1.jbo.22.10.106007},
   year = {2017},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inbook{Kepp2017,
   author = {Kepp, Timo and Koinzer, Stefan and Handels, Heinz and Brinkmann, Ralf},
   title = {Registrierung von nicht sichtbaren Laserbehandlungsarealen der Retina in Live-Aufnahmen des Fundus},
   booktitle = {Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2017: Algorithmen - Systeme - Anwendungen. Proceedings des Workshops vom 12. bis 14. März 2017 in Heidelberg},
   editor = {Maier-Hein, geb Fritzsche Klaus Hermann and Deserno, geb Lehmann Thomas Martin and Handels, Heinz and Tolxdorff, Thomas},
   publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
   address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
   pages = {331-336},
   ISBN = {978-3-662-54345-0},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54345-0_74},
   year = {2017},
   type = {Book Section}
}

@article{Brinkmann2017,
   author = {Tode, J;Richert, E;von der Burchard, C;Koinzer, S;Klettner, A;Brinkmann, R and Roider, J},
   title = {Schonende retinale Lasertherapien als Behandlungsoption der trockenen AMD },
   journal = {Spitzenforschung in der Ophthalmologie},
   pages = {170-173},
   ISSN = {1861-4620},
   url = {https://www.dog.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/DOG_Sonderband_WEB-min.pdf#page=1&zoom=auto,-57,877},
   year = {2017},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Lange2017,
   author = {Lange, Birgit and Jocham, Dieter and Brinkmann, Ralf and Cordes, Jens},
   title = {Stone/tissue differentiation for Holmium laser lithotripsy using autofluorescence: Clinical proof of concept study},
   journal = {Lasers in Surgery and Medicine},
   volume = {49},
   number = {4},
   pages = {361-365},
   ISSN = {1096-9101},
   DOI = {10.1002/lsm.22611},
   year = {2017},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Schlott2016,
   author = {Schlott, Kerstin and Koinzer, Stefan and Baade, Alexander and Birngruber, Reginald and Roider, Johann and Brinkmann, Ralf},
   title = {Lesion strength control by automatic temperature guided retinal photocoagulation},
   journal = {Journal of Biomedical Optics},
   volume = {21},
   number = {9},
   pages = {098001-098001},
   note = {10.1117/1.JBO.21.9.098001},
   abstract = {Abstract.  Laser photocoagulation is an established treatment for a variety of retinal diseases. However, when using the same irradiation parameter, the size and strength of the lesions are unpredictable due to unknown inter- and intraindividual optical properties of the fundus layers. The aim of this work is to investigate a feedback system to generate desired lesions of preselectable strengths by automatically controlling the irradiation time. Optoacoustics were used for retinal temperature monitoring. A 532-nm continuous wave Nd:YAG laser was used for photocoagulation. A 75-ns/523-nm Q-switched Nd:YLF laser simultaneously excited temperature-dependent pressure transients, which were detected at the cornea by an ultrasonic transducer embedded in a contact lens. The temperature data were analyzed during the irradiation by a LabVIEW routine. The treatment laser was switched off automatically when the required lesion strength was achieved. Five different feedback control algorithms for different lesion sizes were developed and tested on rabbits in vivo. With a laser spot diameter of 133  μm, five different lesion types with ophthalmoscopically visible diameters ranging mostly between 100 and 200  μm, and different appearances were achieved by automatic exposure time control. The automatically controlled lesions were widely independent of the treatment laser power and the retinal pigmentation.},
   ISSN = {1083-3668},
   DOI = {10.1117/1.JBO.21.9.098001},
   year = {2016},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Hüttmann2016,
   author = {Huttmann, Gereon and Moltmann, Moritz and Spahr, Hendrik and Tode, Jan and de Roeck, Anna and Theisen-Kunde, Dirk and Birngruber, Reginald and Koinzer, Stefan and Brinkmann, Ralf},
   title = {Retinal lesion formation during photocoagulation investigated by high-speed 1060 nm Doppler-OCT: first clinical results},
   journal = {Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science},
   volume = {57},
   number = {12},
   pages = {5852-5852},
   abstract = {Abstract Purpose : The molecular processes during heating with a photocoagulation laser, particularly in sub-visible or mere thermal stimulation treatment, have only partly been understood, and different theories exist that try to explain its clinical efficacy. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was successfully used to grade lesions with high accuracy 1 hour after the treatments and beyond. During the irradiation, changes in tissue scattering and, by use of the Doppler signal, tissue motion caused by thermal expansion and coagulation-induced tissue contraction were shown to correlate ex-vivo and in rabbits with the strength of photocoagulation lesions. Aim of this study was to validate feasibility and reproducibility of these results in humans. Methods : In an ongoing study more than 100 lesions of three patients have been imaged with a slitlamp-based OCT (1060 nm, 90,000 A-scans/s) with varying irradiance during laser exposure. Durations of the exposure were 50 ms and 200 ms; spot size was 300 µm. Eye movements and heart beat were corrected by cross-correlation of the images. Increased tissue scattering and movement of the neuronal retina due to thermal expansion were determined from the image sequences with 3 ms temporal resolution. Results : In the first treatments with this prototype device, we received acceptable image quality in 1/3 of the lesions. Changes in the neuronal retina were successful visualized during and after the laser irradiation, demonstrating the feasibility of a real-time assessment of initial effects of photocoagulation in humans. Lesion visibility in standard, reflection-based OCT was much weaker during treatment compared to 1 hour afterwards. Increased tissue scattering was observed in stronger lesions already during the laser irradiation. At reduced irradiance, scattering increase was only observed after the end of irradiation. However, tissue motion towards the vitreous was still observed in these cases. Conclusions : In conclusion, high-speed OCT recording during photocoagulation measures initial tissue changes during photocoagulation in humans. It may enhance our understanding of the tissue dynamics right after laser irradiation. It may provide useful information for a real-time dosage control as well. This is an abstract that was submitted for the 2016 ARVO Annual Meeting, held in Seattle, Wash., May 1-5, 2016.},
   ISSN = {1552-5783},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/},
   year = {2016},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Yasui2016,
   author = {Yasui, Ayako and Yamamoto, Manabu and Hirayama, Kumiko and Shiraki, Kunihiko and Theisen-Kunde, Dirk and Brinkmann, Ralf and Miura, Yoko and Kohno, Takeya},
   title = {Retinal sensitivity after selective retina therapy (SRT) on patients with central serous chorioretinopathy},
   journal = {Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology},
   pages = {1-12},
   abstract = {To assess retinal sensitivity after selective retina therapy (SRT) in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).},
   ISSN = {1435-702X},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00417-016-3441-8},
   year = {2016},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inproceedings{Bliedtner2016,
   author = {Bliedtner, Katharina and Seifert, Eric and Stockmann, Leoni and Effe, Lisa and Brinkmann, Ralf},
   title = {Towards real time speckle controlled retinal photocoagulation},
   volume = {9693},
   pages = {96931A-96931A-6},
   note = {10.1117/12.2212703},
   abstract = {Photocoagulation is a laser treatment widely used for the therapy of several retinal diseases. Intra- and inter-individual variations of the ocular transmission, light scattering and the retinal absorption makes it impossible to achieve a uniform effective exposure and hence a uniform damage throughout the therapy. A real-time monitoring and control of the induced damage is highly requested. Here, an approach to realize a real time optical feedback using dynamic speckle analysis is presented. A 532 nm continuous wave Nd:YAG laser is used for coagulation. During coagulation, speckle dynamics are monitored by a coherent object illumination using a 633nm HeNe laser and analyzed by a CMOS camera with a frame rate up to 1 kHz. It is obvious that a control system needs to determine whether the desired damage is achieved to shut down the system in a fraction of the exposure time. Here we use a fast and simple adaption of the generalized difference algorithm to analyze the speckle movements. This algorithm runs on a FPGA and is able to calculate a feedback value which is correlated to the thermal and coagulation induced tissue motion and thus the achieved damage. For different spot sizes (50-200 μm) and different exposure times (50-500 ms) the algorithm shows the ability to discriminate between different categories of retinal pigment epithelial damage ex-vivo in enucleated porcine eyes. Furthermore in-vivo experiments in rabbits show the ability of the system to determine tissue changes in living tissue during coagulation.},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2212703},
   type = {Conference Proceedings},
year = { 2016}
}

@article{Park2015,
   author = {Park, Young Gun and Kang, Seungbum and Brinkmann, Ralf and Roh, Young-Jung},
   title = {A Comparative Study of Retinal Function in Rabbits after Panretinal Selective Retina Therapy versus Conventional Panretinal Photocoagulation},
   journal = {Journal of Ophthalmology},
   volume = {2015},
   pages = {8},
   DOI = {10.1155/2015/247259},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/247259},
   year = {2015},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Hüttmann2015,
   author = {Huttmann, Gereon and Koinzer, Stefan Otto Johannes and Müller, Heike and Ellerkamp, Iris and Baade, Alex and Moltmann, Moritz and Theisen-Kunde, Dirk and Lange, Birgit and Brinkmann, Ralf and Birngruber, Reginald},
   title = {Predicting ophthalmoscopic visibility of retinal photocoagulation lesions byhigh-speedOCT: an animal studyinrabbits},
   journal = {Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science},
   volume = {56},
   number = {7},
   pages = {5980-5980},
   ISSN = {1552-5783},
   year = {2015},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Steiner2015,
   author = {Steiner, Patrick and Ebneter, Andreas and Berger, Lieselotte Erika and Zinkernagel, Martin and Považay, Boris and Meier, Christoph and Kowal, Jens H. and Framme, Carsten and Brinkmann, Ralf and Wolf, Sebastian and Sznitman, Raphael},
   title = {Time-Resolved Ultra–High Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography for Real-Time Monitoring of Selective Retina TherapyTime-Resolved Ultra–High Resolution OCT During SRT},
   journal = {Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science},
   volume = {56},
   number = {11},
   pages = {6654-6662},
   note = {10.1167/iovs.15-17151},
   abstract = {Abstract Purpose: Selective retina therapy (SRT) is a novel treatment for retinal pathologies, solely targeting the RPE. During SRT, the detection of an immediate tissue reaction is challenging, as tissue effects remain limited to intracellular RPE photodisruption. Time-resolved ultra-high axial resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) is thus evaluated for the monitoring of dynamic optical changes at and around the RPE during SRT. Methods: An experimental OCT system with an ultra-high axial resolution of 1.78 μm was combined with an SRT system and time-resolved OCT M-scans of the target area were recorded from four patients undergoing SRT. Optical coherence tomography scans were analyzed and OCT morphology was correlated with findings in fluorescein angiography, fundus photography, and cross-sectional OCT. Results: In cases in which the irradiation caused RPE damage proven by fluorescein angiography, the lesions were well discernible in time-resolved OCT images but remained invisible in fundus photography and cross-sectional OCT acquired after treatment. If RPE damage was introduced, all applied SRT pulses led to detectable signal changes in the time-resolved OCT images. The extent of optical signal variation seen in the OCT data appeared to scale with the applied SRT pulse energy. Conclusions: The first clinical results proved that successful SRT irradiation induces detectable changes in the OCT M-scan signal while it remains invisible in conventional ophthalmoscopic imaging. Thus, real-time high-resolution OCT is a promising modality to monitor and analyze tissue effects introduced by selective retina therapy and may be used to guide SRT in an automatic feedback mode (www.swissmedic.ch number, 2011-MD-0006).},
   ISSN = {1552-5783},
   DOI = {10.1167/iovs.15-17151},
   year = {2015},
   type = {Journal Article}
}