@inproceedings{Gabel1979,
   author = {Gabel, V. P. and Birngruber, R.},
   title = {Physical and Medical Aspects of Laser Safety},
   booktitle = {Laser 79, Opto-Electronics Conference proceedings},
   editor = {Waidlich, W.},
   publisher = {IPC Science and Technology Press Ltd.},
   pages = {6555-6591},
year = { 1979}

}

@article{Birngruber1979,
   author = {Birngruber, R. and Weinberg, W. and Gabel, V. P. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {Fundusreflektometrie, thermische Modellrechnungen und Temperaturmessungen als Hilfsmittel zur Optimierung der Bestrahlungsparameter bei der Photokoagulation der Netzhaut.},
   journal = {Ber Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges},
   volume = {76},
   pages = {563-567},
url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-87151-1_99},
   year = { 1979}
}

@article{Boergen1979,
   author = {Boergen, K. P. and Birngruber, R. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {Experimental studies on argon laser coagulation of small blood vessels},
   journal = {Mod Probl Ophthalmol},
   volume = {20},
   pages = {174-83},
   note = {0077-0078 (Print)
Journal Article},
   keywords = {Animals
Argon
Arteries/*surgery
Arterioles/*surgery/ultrastructure
Blood Coagulation
Lasers/*methods/*therapeutic use
Microscopy/methods
Neovascularization, Pathologic
Rats
Retinal Vessels/surgery},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=95029},
   year = {1979},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Boergen1979,
   author = {Boergen, K. P. and Birngruber, R. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {Möglichkeiten einer selektiven Gefäßkoagulation am Augenhintergrund - Konsequenzen aus tierexperimentellen Modelluntersuchungen},
   journal = {Ber Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges},
   volume = {76},
   pages = {561},
   year = {1979},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Boergen1978,
   author = {Boergen, K. P. and Birngruber, R. and Brandl, H. and Gabel, V. P. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {[The significance of hemoglobin absorption for selective vascular coagulation]},
   journal = {Ber Zusammenkunft Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges},
   number = {75},
   pages = {416-20},
   note = {0070-427X (Print)
Journal Article},
   keywords = {Animals
Arteries/*radiation effects
Arterioles/*radiation effects
Hemoglobins/*radiation effects
*Lasers/*therapeutic use
Rats},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=570389},
   year = {1978},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Welscg1978,
   author = {Welsch, H. and Birngruber, R. and Boergen, K. P. and Gabel, V. P. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {[Spectral light absorption in whole blood with reference to the dispersion]},
   journal = {Ber Zusammenkunft Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges},
   number = {75},
   pages = {415},
   note = {0070-427X (Print)
Journal Article},
   keywords = {Blood/*radiation effects
*Light
Scattering, Radiation},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=743131},
   year = {1978},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Stefani1978,
   author = {Stefani, F. H. and Birngruber, R. and Hillenkamp, F. and Gabel, V. P.},
   title = {Q-switched ruby laser induced damage of the adult rabbit lens capsule},
   journal = {Albrecht Von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol},
   volume = {206},
   number = {1},
   pages = {49-55},
   note = {0065-6100 (Print)
Journal Article},
   abstract = {The technique of Q-switched ruby laser induced mechanical destruction of the lens capsule was used to study the reactions of the adult rabbit lens. The defect produced in the anterior lens capsule was larger than the 40-60 micrometer focus, which was due to rolled-up edges of the capsule. Long-term observations revealed some decrease in size of developing localized opacification and a healing of the defect by outgrowing lens epithelium with the formation of a new capsule. The rupture of the posterior capsule led to a slowly progressive opacification with little intraocular macrophage reaction.},
   keywords = {Animals
Lasers/*adverse effects
Lens, Crystalline/*injuries/pathology
Macrophages/physiology
Rabbits
Time Factors},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=306208},
   year = {1978},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inproceedings{Gabel1978,
   author = {Gabel, V. P. and Birngruber, R. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {Visible and near infrared light absorption in pigment epithelium and choroid.},
   booktitle = {XXIII Concilium Ophthalmologicum},
   editor = {Shimizu, Koichi},
   series = {International Congress Series No. 450},
   pages = {658-662},
year = { 1978},
URL = { https://www.bmo.uni-luebeck.de/fileadmin/files/publications/Gabel__1978_Proc._SPIE_Visible_and_near_infrared_light_absorption_in_pigment_epithelium_and_choroid.pdf}

}

@article{Weinberg1978,
   author = {Weinberg, W. and McCord, R. C. and Gabel, V. P. and Birngruber, R. and Boergen, K. P. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {Simultanmessung von Temperaturverlauf und Weißfärbungen am Augenhintergrund während Laserkoagulationen},
   journal = {Sonderdruck aus Deutsche Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft, Bericht über die 75. Zusammenkunft in Heidelberg 1977},
   pages = {411-4},
   note = {0070-427X (Print)
Journal Article},
   keywords = {Animals
*Fundus Oculi
*Lasers/*therapeutic use
Methods
Rabbits
*Temperature},
   year = {1978}
}

@article{Rauhut1977,
   author = {Rauhut, D and Gabel, V P and Birngruber, Reginald and Hillenkamp, F},
   title = {Licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen von Neodymlaserläsionen bei Kaninchen},
   journal = {Bericht über die 74. Zusammenkunft der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft},
   volume = {Sonderdruck},
   pages = {407-12},
   note = {0070-427X (Print)
Comparative Study
Journal Article},
   keywords = {Argon
Choroid/radiation effects
Lasers/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use
Melanocytes
Microscopy, Electron
Sclera/radiation effects},
   year = {1977}
}

@article{Birngruber1977,
   author = {Birngruber, R. and Hillenkamp, F. and Stefani, F. H. and Gabel, V. P.},
   title = {Q-switched ruby laser damage of the rabbit eye lens},
   journal = {Adv Ophthalmol},
   volume = {34},
   pages = {158-63},
   note = {0065-3004 (Print)
Journal Article},
   abstract = {Results on Q-switched ruby laser damage to lenses of Chinchilla grey rabbits are reported. Threshold irradiances of about 10(10)W/cm2 are shown to be necessary for lens damage. The minimal lesions consist of empty bubbles about 1 mm in diameter. Energy consideration as well as histologic investigation of the lesions indicate a mechanical damage process following a light-induced absorption in the focus. Retinal damage accompanied lenticular damage in all cases},
   keywords = {Animals
Lasers/*adverse effects
Lens, Crystalline/*injuries/ultrastructure
Rabbits},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=868688},
   year = {1977},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Drechsel1977,
   author = {Drechsel, E. and Birngruber, R. and Gabel, V. P. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {[Measurement of the size of the focus in the rabbit]},
   journal = {Ber Zusammenkunft Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges},
   volume = {74},
   pages = {413-7},
   note = {0070-427X (Print)
Journal Article},
   keywords = {Animals
Biophysics
Eye/*radiation effects
Lasers
Light
Rabbits},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=577764},
   year = {1977},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Stefani1977,
   author = {Stefani, F. H. and Birngruber, R. and Hillenkamp, F. and Gabel, V. P.},
   title = {[Lens injuries due to rubin laser giant impulses]},
   journal = {Ber Zusammenkunft Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges},
   volume = {74},
   pages = {403-6},
   note = {0070-427X (Print)
Journal Article},
   keywords = {Animals
Lasers/*adverse effects/*therapeutic use
Lens, Crystalline/*injuries
Rabbits},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=577762},
   year = {1977},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Boergen1977,
   author = {Boergen, K. P. and Birngruber, R. and Gabel, V. P. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {[Intravital microscopic studies on the selective coagulation of small vessels by means of the argon laser]},
   journal = {Ber Zusammenkunft Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges},
   volume = {74},
   pages = {428-34},
   note = {0070-427X (Print)
Journal Article},
   keywords = {Animals
Argon
Capillaries/*surgery
Hematoma/etiology
Hemorrhage/etiology
Lasers/*standards/*therapeutic use
Microscopy
Rats
Thrombosis/etiology},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=577767},
   year = {1977},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Gabel1977,
   author = {Gabel, V. P. and Birngruber, R. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {[Individual differences in light absorption in the fundus oculi in the visible and the infrared spectral region]},
   journal = {Ber Zusammenkunft Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges},
   volume = {74},
   pages = {418-21},
   note = {0070-427X (Print)
Journal Article},
   keywords = {Absorption
Fundus Oculi/*physiology
Humans
Infrared Rays
Light},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=577765},
   year = {1977},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Lund1977,
   author = {Lund, O. E. and Birngruber, R.},
   title = {[A colour-television-system for lectures and clinical training in ophthalmology (author's transl)]},
   journal = {Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd},
   volume = {171},
   number = {2},
   pages = {287-93},
   note = {0023-2165 (Print)
English Abstract
Journal Article},
   abstract = {First experiences with a new Colour-TV-System in the University Eye-Clinic Munich are reported. The system is described in detail and special problems of fitting the TV-cameras to the ophthalmological instruments such as operation microscopes, slit lamps and fundus cameras are described.},
   keywords = {Color
*Education, Medical, Graduate
Germany, West
Hospitals, University
Humans
Ophthalmology/*education
*Television},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=916612},
   year = {1977},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@inproceedings{Weinberg1977,
   author = {Weinberg, W. and Gabel, V. P. and Birngruber, Reginald and McCord, R.},
   title = {Zur Messung der Korrelation von Temperaturverteilung und Lichtreflexion am Augenhintergrund bei Laser-Koagulation},
   booktitle = {GSF-Bericht BPT 5},
   volume = {17},

}

@article{Birngruber1977,
   author = {Birngruber, R. and Gabel, V. P. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {Fundusreflektometrie während Laserkoagulationen},
   journal = {Sonderdruck aus "Bericht über die 74. Zusammenkunft der Deutschen Opghthalmologischen Gesellschaft},
   pages = {422-7},
   note = {0070-427X (Print)
Journal Article},
   keywords = {Animals
Biophysics
Fundus Oculi
*Lasers/*therapeutic use
Pigment Epithelium of Eye/radiation effects
Rabbits
*Refraction, Ocular},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=577766},
   year = {1977},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{BGB1977,
   author = {Birngruber, R. and Gabel, V. P. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {Fundus reflectometry: a step towards optimization of the retina photocoagulation},
   journal = {Mod Probl Ophthalmol},
   volume = {18},
   pages = {383-90},
   note = {Birngruber, R
Gabel, V P
Hillenkamp, F
SWITZERLAND
Mod Probl Ophthalmol. 1977;18:383-90.},
   abstract = {A method is described for monitoring the light reflected from exposed areas during and after argon laser photocoagulation of rabbit eyes. The light serves as a measure of the retinal blanching and thus of the tissue reaction. It is shown, that the reflected light changes its time-dependent behavior qualitatively if hemorrhages occur. The energy necessary for a therapeutic coagulation is shown to decrease with decreasing exposure time as does the therapeutic band width for clinical coagulations. A relationship between exposure time and therapeutic band width was found and is discussed.},
   keywords = {Animals
*Fundus Oculi
*Laser Therapy
Lasers/adverse effects/*methods
Photometry/*methods
Rabbits
Retina/*surgery
Retinal Hemorrhage/etiology
AutoPhoN},
   year = {1977}
}

@article{Birngruber1977,
   author = {Birngruber, R. and Ippi, F.},
   title = {Fernsehanlage in der Augenklinik der Universität München - ein Mittel zur Intensivierung von Forschung und Lehre in der Medizin.},
   journal = {Grundig Techn Info 6, Fernseh- und Kintechn},
   volume = {31/7},
   pages = {245-247},
   year = {1977},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@book{Gabel1976,
   author = {Gabel, V. P. and Birngruber, R. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {Die Lichtabsorption am Augenhintergrund},
   publisher = {Ges f Strahlen- und Umweltforschung},
   address = {München},
   series = {GSF-Bericht A 55},
   year = {1976}
}

@article{Lund1976,
   author = {Lund, O. E. and Gabel, V. P. and Birngruber, Reginald},
   title = {Diathermieverfahren, Licht-/Laserkoagulation, Kryokoagulation. Experimentelle und klinische Uberlegungen},
   journal = {Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd},
   volume = {168},
   number = {05},
   pages = {603-12},
   note = {0023-2165 (Print)
English Abstract
Journal Article},
   abstract = {The clinical and experimental results from the methods of coagulation currently in use are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of trans-scleral methods (diathermy and cryopexy) and trans-ocular methods (Xenon arc and argon laser) are discussed. Experiments on absorption, the mode of action of intense light, the optimal time and method of application, the necessary intensity and the extent of the coagulated area are communicated. Of the trans-scleral methods, cryopexy is to be prefered. The trans-ocular methods have the advantage of a more exact localisation and dosage. Either route can often be chosen in any particular case, though at present no overriding advantage has been shown for either.},
   keywords = {*Cryosurgery/adverse effects/methods
*Diathermy/adverse effects/methods
Humans
Lasers/adverse effects/methods/therapeutic use
*Light Coagulation/adverse effects/methods
Retina/pathology
Retinal Detachment/*surgery
Time Factors},
   year = {1976}
}

@article{Birngruber1976,
   author = {Birngruber, R.},
   title = {Audivisuelle Anlage der Augenklinik München},
   journal = {Grundig-Electronic-Information},
   year = {1976},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Gabel1976,
   author = {Gabel, V. P. and Birngruber, R. and Hillenkamp, F. and Boergen, K. P.},
   title = {Ophthalmoscopic Therapeutic Problems and Laser Personnel},
   journal = {Klinische Monatsblatter Fur Augenheilkunde},
   volume = {169},
   number = {5},
   pages = {669-669},
   note = {Cq473
Times Cited:0
Cited References Count:0},
   ISSN = {0023-2165},
   url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:A1976CQ47300042},
   year = {1976},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Greite1975,
   author = {Greite, J. H. and Birngruber, R.},
   title = {Low intensity argon laser coagulation in central serous retinopathy (csr)},
   journal = {Ophthalmologica},
   volume = {171},
   number = {3},
   pages = {214-43},
   note = {0030-3755 (Print)
Journal Article},
   abstract = {Mechanisms of light coagulation effects in RPE and detached retina are discussed. 25 cases of CSR are presented in which the leaking point in the RPE was coagulated with an argon laser coagulator, the exposure parameters being set to avoid a whitening of the retina. The results suggest that the retinal whitening and consequently retinal damage does not constitute a criterium for coagulation effectiveness in CSR.},
   keywords = {Adult
*Argon
Fluorescein Angiography
Fundus Oculi
Humans
*Lasers/*therapeutic use
Male
Middle Aged
Retinal Artery/radiography
Retinal Detachment/*therapy
Retinal Vein/radiography
Retinal Vessels/radiography},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=1169740},
   year = {1975},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Birngruber1975,
   author = {Birngruber, R. and Gabel, V. P. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {Development of Laser Lesions in Fundus},
   journal = {Klinische Monatsblatter Fur Augenheilkunde},
   volume = {167},
   number = {4},
   pages = {624-624},
   note = {Ay079
Times Cited:0
Cited References Count:0},
   ISSN = {0023-2165},
   url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:A1975AY07900026},
   year = {1975},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Wallow1975,
   author = {Wallow, I. H. L. and Birngruber, R. and Gabel, V. P. and Hillenkamp, F. and Lund, O. E.},
   title = {Retinal Reactions to Intense Light .1. Threshold Lesions - Experimental, Morphological and Clinical Studies of Pathological and Therapeutic Effects of Laser-Light and White-Light},
   journal = {Advances in Ophthalmology},
   volume = {31},
   pages = {159-232},
   note = {Cz545
Times Cited:23
Cited References Count:151},
   url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:A1975CZ54500004},
   year = {1975},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Wallow1975,
   author = {Wallow, I. H. and Gabel, V. P. and Birngruber, R. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {Clinical and histological studies following argon-laser effect on the retina. --Histo-pathological evaluation of laser injuries for the assessment of a functional injury threshold for laser},
   journal = {Ber Zusammenkunft Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges},
   number = {73},
   pages = {374-86},
   note = {0070-427X (Print)
Journal Article},
   keywords = {Animals
Argon
Eye Injuries/*etiology/pathology
Haplorhini
Lasers/*adverse effects
Retina/*injuries/pathology},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=812474},
   year = {1975},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Birngruber1977,
   author = {Birngruber, R. and Gabel, V. P. and Wallow, I. H. and Hillenkamp, F.},
   title = {Über Rubin-Laserschwellenwertuntersuchungen an der Netzhaut},
   journal = {Sonderdruck aus "Bericht über die 73. Zusammenkunft der Deutschen Ophthalm. Gesellschaft in Heidelberg 1973"},
   number = {73},
   pages = {367-74},
   note = {0070-427X (Print)
Journal Article},
   keywords = {Animals
Haplorhini
Lasers/adverse effects/*standards
Rabbits
Retina/injuries/*physiology},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=812473},
   year = {1975},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

@article{Gabel1975,
   author = {Gabel, V. P. and Birngruber, R. and Hillenkamp, F. and Wallow, I. H. and Schmolke, W.},
   title = {Über die Lichtabsorption am Augenhintergrund},
   journal = {Sonderdruck aus "Bericht über die 73. Zusammenkunt der Deutschen Ophthalm. Gesellschaft in Heidelberg 1973"},
   number = {73},
   pages = {362-7},
   note = {0070-427X (Print)
Journal Article},
   keywords = {Absorption
Animals
Choroid/physiology
*Fundus Oculi
Haplorhini
Humans
*Light
Rabbits
Retina/physiology},
   url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=812472},
   year = {1975},
   type = {Journal Article}
}