M. Ourak, J. Smits, L. Esteveny, G. Borghesan, A. Gijbels, L. Schoevaerdts, Y.G.M. Douven, J. Scholtes, E. Lankenau, G. H{"u}ttmann, M. Kozlovszky, Gernot Kronreif, K. Willekens, P. Stalmans, Koorosh Faridpooya, M. Cereda, A. Giani, G. Staurenghi, D. Reynaerts, and E. B. Vander Poorten,
Combined OCT distance and FBG force sensing cannulation needle for retinal vein cannulation: in vivo animal validation, International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery , vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 301--309, 2019.
DOI:10.1007/s11548-018-1829-0
File: s11548-018-1829-0
Bibtex: BibTeX
@Article{Ourak2019,
author="Ourak, M.
and Smits, J.
and Esteveny, L.
and Borghesan, G.
and Gijbels, A.
and Schoevaerdts, L.
and Douven, Y.
and Scholtes, J.
and Lankenau, E.
and Eixmann, T.
and Schulz-Hildebrandt, H.
and H{\"u}ttmann, G.
and Kozlovszky, M.
and Kronreif, G.
and Willekens, K.
and Stalmans, P.
and Faridpooya, K.
and Cereda, M.
and Giani, A.
and Staurenghi, G.
and Reynaerts, D.
and Vander Poorten, E. B.",
title="Combined OCT distance and FBG force sensing cannulation needle for retinal vein cannulation: in vivo animal validation",
journal="International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery",
year="2019",
month="Feb",
day="01",
volume="14",
number="2",
pages="301--309",
abstract="Retinal vein cannulation is an experimental procedure during which a clot-dissolving drug is injected into an obstructed retinal vein. However, due to the fragility and minute size of retinal veins, such procedure is considered too risky to perform manually. With the aid of surgical robots, key limiting factors such as: unwanted eye rotations, hand tremor and instrument immobilization can be tackled. However, local instrument anatomy distance and force estimation remain unresolved issues. A reliable, real-time local interaction estimation between instrument tip and the retina could be a solution. This paper reports on the development of a combined force and distance sensing cannulation needle, and its experimental validation during in vivo animal trials.",
issn="1861-6429",
doi="10.1007/s11548-018-1829-0",
url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-018-1829-0",
citation_key = {Ourak2019}
}
Gianni Borghesan, Mouloud Ourak, Eva Lankenau, Richard Neffin, Peter Koch, Hinnerk Schulz-Hildebrandt, Koen Willekens, Peter Stalmans, Dominiek Reynaerts, and Emmanuel Vander Poorten,
Probabilistic Principal Component Analysis and Particle Filtering for real-time retina detection from a single-fiber OCT, in Proceedings of the 7th Joint Workshop on New Technologies for Computer/Robot Assisted Surgery , 2017.
Weblink: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320532046
Bibtex: BibTeX
@conference{Borghesan2017,
title = {Probabilistic Principal Component Analysis and Particle Filtering for real-time retina detection from a single-fiber OCT},
author = {Gianni Borghesan and Mouloud Ourak and Eva Lankenau and Richard Neffin and Peter Koch and Hinnerk Schulz-Hildebrandt and Koen Willekens and Peter Stalmans and Dominiek Reynaerts and Emmanuel Vander Poorten},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-06-02},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 7th Joint Workshop on New Technologies for Computer/Robot Assisted Surgery},
abstract = {Vitreo-retinal surgery concerns a set of particularly demanding micro-surgical interventions that take place at the back of the eye. Examples of such procedures are retinal vein cannulation (where the surgeon aims to insert a needle in a vein of the size of human hairs) and epiretinal membrane peeling (where a detached membrane must be removed from the retina). As severe retinal damage can be caused by undesired collisions, good instrument to retina distance perception would be very useful. We propose to use an OCT-fiber instrumented tool, and purposefully designed algorithms to interpret the measurements and extract a reliable real-time distance estimate. This abstract describes the progress that was made and includes a test conducted with a robotic platform on a synthetic eye mockup.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Ellen Guder, Eva Lankenau, F. Fleischhauer, Hinnerk Schulz-Hildebrandt, Gereon Hüttmann, H. W. Pau, and Tino Just,
Microanatomy of the tympanic membrane in chronic myringitis obtained with optical coherence tomography, European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology , pp. 1-7, 2014.
DOI:10.1007/s00405-014-3373-z
File: s00405-014-3373-z
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article{Guder2014,
   author = {Guder, Ellen and Lankenau, Eva and Fleischhauer, F. and Schulz-Hildebrandt, H. and Hüttmann, G. and Pau, H. W. and Just, Tino},
   title = {Microanatomy of the tympanic membrane in chronic myringitis obtained with optical coherence tomography},
   journal = {European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology},
   pages = {1-7},
   keywords = {Optical coherence tomography
Tympanic membrane
Chronic myringitis},
   ISSN = {0937-4477},
   DOI = {10.1007/s00405-014-3373-z},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00405-014-3373-z},
   year = {2014},
   type = {Journal Article}
}
Philipp Steven, Carolin Le Blanc, Eva Lankenau, Marc Krug, Stefan Oelckers, Ludwig M Heindl, Uta Gehlsen, Gereon Hüttmann, and Claus Cursiefen,
Optimising deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) using intraoperative online optical coherence tomography (iOCT), British Journal of Ophthalmology , vol. 98, no. 7, pp. 900--904, 2014. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.
DOI:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-304585
File: 900
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article {Steven900,
	author = {Philipp Steven and Carolin Le Blanc and Eva Lankenau and Marc Krug and Stefan Oelckers and Ludwig M Heindl and Uta Gehlsen and Gereon Huettmann and Claus Cursiefen},
	title = {Optimising deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) using intraoperative online optical coherence tomography (iOCT)},
	volume = {98},
	number = {7},
	pages = {900--904},
	year = {2014},
	doi = {10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-304585},
	publisher = {BMJ Publishing Group Ltd},
	abstract = {Background/aims To describe the use of intraoperative online optical coherence tomography (iOCT) for improving deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) surgery. Methods Retrospective case series of 6 eyes of 6 male patients with keratokonus, corneal dystrophy or herpetic stromal scars undergoing DALK were investigated using intraoperative optical coherence tomography and postsurgical image/video analysis. Main outcome measures were: visibility of surgical steps, especially, assessment of placement depth of injection needle, preparation of bare Descemet{\textquoteright}s membrane and drainage of interface fluid. Results iOCT enables real-time visualisation of all surgical steps of DALK procedure in all patients. Placement of air injection needle above Descemet{\textquoteright}s membrane was reliably monitored as was presence of bare Descemet{\textquoteright}s membrane and potential interface fluid. Conclusions iOCT assists with visualisation of injection needle placement and with assessment of bare Descemet{\textquoteright}s membrane as well as interface fluid during the DALK procedure. Overall iOCT may be a helpful device that supports surgeons in all steps of DALK procedure.},
	issn = {0007-1161},
	URL = {https://bjo.bmj.com/content/98/7/900},
	eprint = {https://bjo.bmj.com/content/98/7/900.full.pdf},
	journal = {British Journal of Ophthalmology}
}
Philipp Steven, Carolin Le Blanc, Marc Krug, Eva Lankenau, Ludwig M Heindl, Uta Gehlsen, Gereon Hüttmann, and Claus Cursiefen,
Optimizing descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty using intraoperative optical coherence tomography, JAMA Ophthalmology , vol. 131, no. 9, pp. 1135-42, 07 2013.
DOI:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.4672
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article{10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.4672,
    author = {Steven, Philipp and Le Blanc, Carolin and Velten, Kai and Lankenau, Eva and Krug, Marc and Oelckers, Stefan and Heindl, Ludwig M. and Gehlsen, Uta and Hüttmann, Gereon and Cursiefen, Claus},
    title = "{Optimizing Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Using Intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography}",
    journal = {JAMA Ophthalmology},
    volume = {131},
    number = {9},
    pages = {1135-1142},
    year = {2013},
    month = {09},
    abstract = "{Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) is a challenging procedure for the surgeon, particularly because of deficient visibility of the delicate tissue due to the natural en face view through the operating microscope. A cross-sectional view would greatly enhance intraoperative overview and enable the surgeon to better control the procedure.  To retrospectively analyze the use of intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) for improving the safety of DMEK.Intraoperative OCT during DMEK was performed in 26 eyes of 26 patients. We retrospectively analyzed imaging and video data. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne.Seven men and 19 women aged 39 to 93 years with corneal endothelial dysfunction undergoing DMEK.Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty.Visibility of surgical steps, overall duration of DMEK, overall time for complete intraoperative air filling of the anterior chamber, and correlation between donor age and Descemet rolling behavior.Intraoperative OCT enables visualization of all steps of the DMEK procedure. Overall mean (SD) duration of the DMEK procedure was 25.7 (6.9) minutes when using iOCT. Overall mean (SD) complete intraoperative anterior chamber air-filling time was 236 (108) seconds in contrast to 60 to 90 minutes for standard air-filling time. Descemet membrane rolling behavior showed significant inverse correlation between donor age (range, 39-93 years) and the extent of rolling (R2 = 0.5 [P = .006]).Intraoperative OCT enhances the visibility of graft orientation and unfolding, thereby improving safety of the DMEK procedure. Overall, iOCT is a helpful device that may support surgeons in all steps of DMEK procedures.}",
    issn = {2168-6165},
    doi = {10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.4672},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.4672},
    eprint = {https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/articlepdf/1708786/eoi130143.pdf},
}
B. Olzowy, N. Starke, T. Schuldt, Gereon Hüttmann, Eva Lankenau, and Tino Just,
Optical coherence tomography and confocal endomicroscopy for rhinologic pathologies: a pilot study, in Head and Neck Optical Diagnostics , Christian Betz and Brian J. F. Wong M.D., Eds. SPIE, 062013. pp. 880505.
DOI:10.1117/12.2033174
File: 12.2033174
Bibtex: BibTeX
@inproceedings{10.1117/12.2033174,
author = {B. Olzowy and N. Starke and T. Schuldt and G. H{\"u}ttmann and E. Lankenau and T. Just},
title = {{Optical coherence tomography and confocal endomicroscopy for rhinologic pathologies: a pilot study}},
volume = {8805},
booktitle = {Head and Neck Optical Diagnostics},
editor = {Christian Betz and Brian J. F. Wong M.D.},
organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics},
publisher = {SPIE},
pages = {880505},
keywords = {optical coherence tomography, confocal microscopy, inverted papilloma , chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, mucociliary function, ciliated epithelium},
year = {2013},
doi = {10.1117/12.2033174},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2033174}
}
T. Just, H. W. Pau, and E. Lankenau,
OCT in the field of laryngology: further perspectives, Nikiforos, Kollias and Bernard, Choi and Haishan, Zeng and Hyun Wook, Kang and Bodo, E. Knudsen and Brian, J. Wong and Justus, F. R. Ilgner and Kenton, W. Gregory and Guillermo, J. Tearney and Laura, Marcu and Henry, Hirschberg and Steen, J. Madsen and Andreas, Mandelis and Anita, Mahadevan-Jansen and Jansen, E. Duco, Eds. SPIE, 2011. pp. 78831W.
Bibtex: BibTeX
@inproceedings{Just2011,
   author = {Just, T. and Pau, H. W. and Lankenau, E. and Huttmann, G.},
   title = {OCT in the field of laryngology: further perspectives},
   editor = {Nikiforos, Kollias and Bernard, Choi and Haishan, Zeng and Hyun Wook, Kang and Bodo, E. Knudsen and Brian, J. Wong and Justus, F. R. Ilgner and Kenton, W. Gregory and Guillermo, J. Tearney and Laura, Marcu and Henry, Hirschberg and Steen, J. Madsen and Andreas, Mandelis and Anita, Mahadevan-Jansen and Jansen, E. Duco},
   publisher = {SPIE},
   volume = {7883},
   pages = {78831W},
Year = { 2011}

}
T. Just, E. Lankenau, and H. W. Pau,
An optical coherence tomography study for imaging the round window niche and the promontorium tympani, Nikiforos, Kollias and Bernard, Choi and Haishan, Zeng and Reza, S. Malek and Brian, J. Wong and Justus, F. R. Ilgner and Kenton, W. Gregory and Guillermo, J. Tearney and Laura, Marcu and Henry, Hirschberg and Steen, J. Madsen and Andreas, Mandelis and Anita, Mahadevan-Jansen and Jansen, E. Duco, Eds. SPIE, 2010. pp. 754833.
File: 12.848384
Bibtex: BibTeX
@inproceedings{Just,
   author = {Just, T. and Lankenau, E. and Huttmann, G. and Pau, H. W.},
   title = {An optical coherence tomography study for imaging the round window niche and the promontorium tympani},
   editor = {Nikiforos, Kollias and Bernard, Choi and Haishan, Zeng and Reza, S. Malek and Brian, J. Wong and Justus, F. R. Ilgner and Kenton, W. Gregory and Guillermo, J. Tearney and Laura, Marcu and Henry, Hirschberg and Steen, J. Madsen and Andreas, Mandelis and Anita, Mahadevan-Jansen and Jansen, E. Duco},
   publisher = {SPIE},
   volume = {7548},
   pages = {754833},

}
M. Mueller, C. Schulz-Wackerbarth, P. Steven, E. Lankenau, T. Bonin, H. Mueller, A. Brueggemann, S. Grisanti, and G. Huettmann,
Slit-lamp-adapted fourier-domain OCT for anterior and posterior segments: preliminary results and comparison to time-domain OCT, Curr Eye Res , vol. 35(8), pp. 722-32, 2010.
DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2010.481069
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article{Müller-2010,
   author = {Mueller, M. and Schulz-Wackerbarth, C. and Steven, P. and Lankenau, E. and Bonin, T. and Mueller, H. and Brueggemann, A. and Birngruber, R. and Grisanti, S. and Huettmann, G.},
   title = {Slit-lamp-adapted fourier-domain OCT for anterior and posterior segments: preliminary results and comparison to time-domain OCT},
   journal = {Curr Eye Res},
   volume = {35(8)},
 DOI = { 10.3109/02713683.2010.481069},
year = { 2010},
   pages = {722-32},
   note = {Using Smart Source Parsing
Aug},
   abstract = {PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic potential of a slit-lamp (SL)-adapted Fourier-domain (= spectral radar, SR) optical coherence tomography (OCT)-SL-SR-OCT-instrument as an in vivo imaging device for use in examinations of the anterior and posterior segments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a pilot study, 88 eyes from 70 healthy volunteers and patients were examined using a prototype Fourier-domain SL-SR-OCT system. Results were compared to those from the following commercially available systems: the 1310-nm SL-OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) for anterior segment and the Stratus OCT (Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) for posterior segment imaging. Our SL-SR-OCT provides 1025 axial scans, 5000 Hz line-scan frequency, scan length of up to 8 mm, axial depth in air of 3.5 mm, and resolution of 9 mum. For posterior visualization, a hand-held 78-diopter ophthalmoscopic lens was used. RESULTS: Our SL-SR-OCT system allowed simultaneous scanning with direct biomicroscopic and SL imaging of anterior and posterior segment structures. Anatomical structures and pathological changes were displayed with high resolution and excellent contrast. Measurements of corneal and retinal thickness were possible. In comparison to images obtained by the SL-OCT, our SL-SR-OCT boasted a higher resolution, thus providing more clinically relevant details of the corneal epithelium, internal structure of filtering blebs, etc. Complete imaging of the chamber angle was limited, however, due to the backscattering properties of the sclera at 830 nm. For posterior segment imaging, excellent delineation of the macula and optic nerve head details, with a distinct portrayal of macular pathology and retinal edema, was possible with SL-SR-OCT. CONCLUSION: SL-SR-OCT enables detailed imaging of physiological and pathological anterior and posterior segment structures. As a multi-purpose device, it offers a wide spectrum of applications, with high-quality OCT-imaging, in a comfortable setting without the need to move the patient.},
  
}
M. Wiesner, J. Ihlemann, H. H. Muller, and E. Lankenau,
Optical coherence tomography for process control of laser micromachining, Rev Sci Instrum , vol. 81, no. 3, pp. 033705, 2010.
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article{Wiesner2010,
   author = {Wiesner, M. and Ihlemann, J. and Muller, H. H. and Lankenau, E. and Huttmann, G.},
   title = {Optical coherence tomography for process control of laser micromachining},
   journal = {Rev Sci Instrum},
   volume = {81},
   number = {3},
   pages = {033705},
   note = {Using Smart Source Parsing
Mar},
   abstract = {In situ surface imaging for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) by optical coherence tomography (OCT) before, during, and after ablative laser processing is presented. Furthermore, it is shown that the ability of in situ characterization is beneficial for samples such as optical fibers, which are difficult to handle in the standard analysis. Surface images taken by the OCT are compared with these common analysis tools such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), reflected-light, and confocal microscopy. An axial resolution of approximately 126 nm for surface detection and a lateral resolution <2.5 microm are obtained and the potential of the setup to imaging structures with high aspect ratio is demonstrated.},
   year = {2010}
}
Joachim Probst, Dierck Hillmann, Eva Lankenau, Stefan Oelckers, and Peter Koch,
Optical coherence tomography with online visualization of more than seven rendered volumes per second, Journal of Biomedical Optics , vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 026014, 2010.
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article{Probst2010,
   author = {Probst, Joachim and Hillmann, Dierck and Lankenau, Eva and Winter, Christan and Oelckers, Stefan and Koch, Peter and Huttmann, Gereon},
   title = {Optical coherence tomography with online visualization of more than seven rendered volumes per second},
   journal = {Journal of Biomedical Optics},
   volume = {15},
   number = {2},
   pages = {026014},
   keywords = {image resolution
medical image processing
optical tomography
rendering (computer graphics)
surgery},
   year = {2010}
}
T. Just, E. Lankenau, F. Prall, H. W. Pau, and K. Sommer,
Optical coherence tomography allows for the reliable identification of laryngeal epithelial dysplasia and for precise biopsy: a clinicopathological study of 61 patients undergoing microlaryngoscopy, Laryngoscope , vol. 120, no. 10, pp. 1964-70, 2010.
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article{Just,
   author = {Just, T. and Lankenau, E. and Prall, F. and Huttmann, G. and Pau, H. W. and Sommer, K.},
   title = {Optical coherence tomography allows for the reliable identification of laryngeal epithelial dysplasia and for precise biopsy: a clinicopathological study of 61 patients undergoing microlaryngoscopy},
   journal = {Laryngoscope},
   volume = {120},
   number = {10},
   pages = {1964-70},
   note = {Just, Tino
Lankenau, Eva
Prall, Friedrich
Huttmann, Gereon
Pau, Hans Wilhelm
Sommer, Konrad
Laryngoscope. 2010 Oct;120(10):1964-70.},
   abstract = {OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: A newly developed microscope-based spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) device and an endoscope-based time-domain OCT (TD-OCT) were used to assess the inter-rater reliability, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of benign and dysplastic laryngeal epithelial lesions. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. METHODS: OCT during microlaryngoscopy was done on 35 patients with an endoscope-based TD-OCT, and on 26 patients by an SD-OCT system integrated into an operating microscope. Biopsies were taken from microscopically suspicious lesions allowing comparative study of OCT images and histology. RESULTS: Thickness of the epithelium was seen to be the main criterion for degree of dysplasia. The inter-rater reliability for two observers was found to be kappa = 0.74 (P <.001) for OCT. OCT provided test outcomes for differentiation between benign laryngeal lesions and dysplasia/CIS with sensitivity of 88%, specificity of 89%, PPV of 85%, NPV of 91%, and predictive accuracy of 88%. However, because of the limited penetration depth of the laser light primarily in hyperkeratotic lesions (thickness above 1.5 mm), the basal cell layer was no longer visible, precluding reliable assessment of such lesions. CONCLUSIONS: OCT allows for a fairly accurate assessment of benign and dysplastic laryngeal epithelial lesion and greatly facilitates the taking of precise biopsies. Laryngoscope, 2010.},
   keywords = {Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Biopsy
Female
Humans
Laryngeal Diseases/*pathology
Laryngoscopy/*methods
Male
Middle Aged
Precancerous Conditions/*pathology
Prospective Studies
Reproducibility of Results
Sensitivity and Specificity
*Tomography, Optical Coherence},
   year = {2010}
}
T. Just, E Lankenau, and H.W. Pau,
Intra-operative application of optical coherence tomography with an operating microscope., J Laryngol Otol , vol. 123, pp. 1027-1030, 2009.
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article{Just,
   author = {Just, T. and Lankenau, E and Hüttmann, G and Pau, H.W.},
   title = {Intra-operative application of optical coherence tomography with an operating microscope.},
   journal = {J Laryngol Otol},
   volume = {123},
   pages = {1027-1030},
   year = {2009}
}
T. Just, E Lankenau, and H.W. Pau,
Optical coherence tomography of the oval window niche., J Laryngol Oto , vol. 1, pp. 1-6, 2009.
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article{Just,
   author = {Just, T. and Lankenau, E and Hüttmann, G and Pau, H.W.},
   title = {Optical coherence tomography of the oval window niche.},
   journal = { J Laryngol Oto},
   volume = {1},
   pages = {1-6},
   year = {2009}
}
E. Lankenau, C. Schulz-Wackerbarth, M. Müller, and P. Steven,
Optical Coherence Tomography: from Retina Imaging to Intraoperative Use - a Review, Klinische Monatsblatter Fur Augenheilkunde , vol. 226, no. 12, pp. 958-964, 2009.
DOI:DOI 10.1055/s-0028-1109939
File: WOS:000273527800005
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article{Hüttmann2009,
   author = {Huttmann, G. and Lankenau, E. and Schulz-Wackerbarth, C. and Muller, M. and Steven, P. and Birngruber, R.},
   title = {Optical Coherence Tomography: from Retina Imaging to Intraoperative Use - a Review},
   journal = {Klinische Monatsblatter Fur Augenheilkunde},
   volume = {226},
   number = {12},
   pages = {958-964},
   note = {542VT
Times Cited:6
Cited References Count:48},
   abstract = {Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is new diagnostic procedure that has rapidly evolved in the last years. The recently developed spectral domain OCT allows one to increase the imaging speed by a hundred times compared to the first generation time domain OCT and enables three-dimensional imaging as well as real-time imaging of fast moving structures. Volumetric imaging improves the quantitative measurement of morphology and the evaluation of temporal changes. In addition, an exact correlation with images acquired with other imaging modalities is possible. Real-time imaging enables also the use of OCT during examinations with the slit-lamp and during ophthalmological surgery.
Methods: A spectral domain OCT was adapted to a slit lamp. 70 patients (91 eyes) were examined at the anterior or posterior segment of the eye. Images of healthy structures and different pathologies were compared to OCT images obtained with Stratus 3, Spectralis, and the SL-OCT. To demonstrate the feasibility of OCT during surgery, spectral domain OCT devices working with 20000 and 210000 A scans per second were coupled by specially developed optics to the camera port of a surgical microscope. The device was tested with phantoms and enucleated pig eyes.
Results and Conclusions: A5 kHz spectral domain OCT can image the retina during slit lamp-based indirect ophthalmoscopy with a quality similar to that of the Stratus 3. In addition, relevant structures of the anterior segment were imaged. Here, compared to commercially available devices, the imaged field was smaller and the angle of the anterior chamber was not directly visible due to the 830 nm wavelength, which had to be used for retinal imaging. Through the surgical microscope, a volumetric imaging of epithelium, Bowman's, Descemet's membranes, limbus, iris, lens, conjunctiva and sclera was demonstra-ted with several tens of centimetre working distance. Instruments and incisions in the cornea were visualised with 20 mu m precision. Real-time imaging and visualisation of volumetric OCT data were also demonstrated. In principle, all technical problems of an intraoperative use of OCT have been solved and a clinical trial will start in the near future. OCT has the potential to improve the precision of surgical interventions and may even enable new interventions.},
   keywords = {physiological optics
cornea
anatomy
in-vivo
ultrahigh-resolution
anterior segment
time-domain
blood-flow
eye
surgery
oct
cyclophotocoagulation
cornea},
   ISSN = {0023-2165},
   DOI = {DOI 10.1055/s-0028-1109939},
   url = {<Go to ISI>://WOS:000273527800005},
   year = {2009},
   type = {Journal Article}
}
T. Just, E. Lankenau, and H. W. Pau,
Optische Kohärenztomographie in der Mittelohrchirurgie, HNO , vol. 57, no. 5, pp. 421-427, 2009.
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article{Just,
   author = {Just, T. and Lankenau, E. and Hüttmann, G. and Pau, H. W.},
   title = {Optische Kohärenztomographie in der Mittelohrchirurgie},
   journal = {HNO},
   volume = {57},
   number = {5},
   pages = {421-427},
   abstract = {Die Anwendung der optischen Kohärenztomographie (OCT) in der Mittelohrchirurgie gilt als vielversprechendes Diagnostikum, insbesondere wenn es um die intraoperative Abklärung der Ursache einer Stapesfixation, die intraoperative Beurteilung der Stapesfußplatte bei Revisionsstapesplastik und zur Orientierung bei der Kochleaimplantation, vorwiegend bei Missbildungen, geht. Die OCT bildet Mittel- und Innenohrstrukturen präzise ab und ermöglicht, diese zur Therapiefestlegung zu nutzen. Aus den eigenen bisherigen Ex- und In-vivo-Untersuchungen mit einem OCT-System, das an ein Operationsmikroskop gekoppelt ist, lassen sich derzeit – unter Berücksichtigung der bislang publizierten experimentellen Arbeiten – potenzielle Anwendungsgebiete definieren: Darstellung der ovalen Fensternische bei Revisionsstapes- und rekonstruktiver Mittelohrchirurgie sowie bei der explorativen Tympanotomie zur Abklärung von Perilymphfisteln und Visualisierung von Strukturen des nicht eröffneten Innenohrs.},
   keywords = {Medizin},
   year = {2009}
}
H. J. Böhringer, E. Lankenau, F. Stellmacher, E. Reusche, and A. Giese,
Imaging of human brain tumor tissue by near-infrared laser coherence tomography, Acta Neurochir (Wien) , vol. 151, no. 5, pp. 507-17; discussion 517, 2009.
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article{Böhringer,
   author = {Böhringer, H. J. and Lankenau, E. and Stellmacher, F. and Reusche, E. and Huttmann, G. and Giese, A.},
   title = {Imaging of human brain tumor tissue by near-infrared laser coherence tomography},
   journal = {Acta Neurochir (Wien)},
   volume = {151},
   number = {5},
   pages = {507-17; discussion 517},
   note = {Bohringer, H J
Lankenau, E
Stellmacher, F
Reusche, E
Huttmann, G
Giese, A
Austria
Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2009 May;151(5):507-17; discussion 517. Epub 2009 Apr 3.},
   abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Intraoperative detection of residual tumor remains an important challenge in surgery to treat gliomas. New developments in optical techniques offer non-invasive high-resolution imaging that may integrate well into the workflow of neurosurgical operations. Using an intracranial glioma model, we have recently shown that time domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) allows discrimination of normal brain, diffusely invaded brain tissue, and solid tumor. OCT imaging allowed acquisition of 2D and 3D data arrays for multiplanar analysis of the tumor to brain interface. In this study we have analyzed biopsy specimens of human brain tumors and we present the first feasibility study of intraoperative OCT and post-image acquisition processing for non-invasive imaging of the brain and brain tumor. METHODS: We used a Sirius 713 Tomograph with a superluminescence diode emitting light at a near infrared central wavelength of 1,310 nm and a coherence length of 15 microm. The light is passed through an optical mono mode fiber to a modified OCT adapter containing a lens system with a working distance of 10 cm and an integrated pilot laser. Navigation-registered tumor biopsies were imaged ex vivo and the intraoperative site of optical tissue analysis was registered by marker acquisition using a neuronavigation system. RESULTS: Optical coherence tomography non-contact measurements of brain and brain tumor tissue produced B-scan images of 4 mm in width and 1.5-2.0 mm in depth at an axial and lateral optical resolution of 15 microm. OCT imaging demonstrated a different microstructure and characteristic signal attenuation profiles of tumor versus normal brain. Post-image acquisition processing and automated detection of the tissue to air interface was used to realign A-scans to compensate for image distortions caused by pulse- and respiration-induced movements of the target volume. Realigned images allowed monitoring of intensity changes within the scan line and facilitated selection of areas for the averaging of A-scans and the calculation of attenuation coefficients for specific regions of interest. CONCLUSION: This feasibility study has demonstrated that OCT analysis of the tissue microstructure and light attenuation characteristics discriminate normal brain, areas of tumor infiltrated brain, solid tumor, and necrosis. The working distance of the OCT adapter and the A-scan acquisition rate conceptually allows integration of the OCT applicator into the optical path of the operating microscopes. This would allow a continuous analysis of the resection plain, providing optical tomography, thereby adding a third dimension to the microscopic view and information on the light attenuation characteristics of the tissue.},
   keywords = {Biopsy
Brain Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology/surgery
Feasibility Studies
Glioma/*diagnosis/pathology/surgery
Humans
Monitoring, Intraoperative/methods
Pilot Projects
Tomography, Optical Coherence/*methods},
   year = {2009}
}
T. Just, E. Lankenau, G. Huettmann, and H.W. Pau,
Optical coherence tomography as a guide for cochlear implant surgery, in Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging , Nikiforos, K. and Bernard, C. and Haishan, Z., Eds. SPIE 6842, 2008. pp. F1-F6.
File: 12.771446
Bibtex: BibTeX
@inproceedings{Just-2008,
   author = {Just, T. and Lankenau, E. and Huettmann, G. and Pau, H.W.},
   title = {Optical coherence tomography as a guide for cochlear implant surgery},
   booktitle = {Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging},
   editor = {Nikiforos, K. and Bernard, C. and Haishan, Z.},
   publisher = {SPIE 6842},
   pages = {F1-F6},
url = { https://doi.org/10.1117/12.771446},
year = { 2008}

}
E. Lankenau, D. Klinger, A. Malik, H.H. Müller, S. Oelckers, H.W. Pau, and T. Just,
Combining Optical Coherence Tomographie (OCT) with an operating microscope, in Medical Engineering , Buzug, T.M. and Holz, D. and Weber, S. and Bongartz, J. and Kohl-Bareise, M. and Hartmann, U., Eds. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 2007, pp. pp 343-348.
Bibtex: BibTeX
@inbook{Lankenau,
   author = {Lankenau, E. and Klinger, D. and Winter, C. and Malik, A. and Müller, H.H. and Oelckers, S. and Pau, H.W. and Just, T. and Hüttmann, G.},
   title = {Combining Optical Coherence Tomographie (OCT) with an operating microscope},
   booktitle = {Medical Engineering},
   editor = {Buzug, T.M. and Holz, D. and Weber, S.  and Bongartz, J. and Kohl-Bareise, M. and Hartmann, U.},
   publisher = {Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York},
   pages = {pp 343-348},
   year = {2007}
}
M. Löning, E. Lankenau, H. Diddens, M. Krokowski, and K. Diedrich,
Optische Kohärenztomographie in der Gynokologie, Der Gynäkologe , vol. 40, no. 5, 2007.
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article{Löning,
   author = {Löning, M. and Lankenau, E. and Diddens, H. and Krokowski, M. and Diedrich, K. and Hüttmann, G.},
   title = {Optische Kohärenztomographie in der Gynokologie},
   journal = {Der Gynäkologe},
   volume = {40},
   number = {5},
   year = {2007}
}
A. Giese, H.J. Böhringer, J. Leppert, S.R. Kandelhardt, E. Lankenau, and P. Koch,
Non-invasive intraoperative optical coherence tomography of the resection cavity during surgery of intrinsic brain tumors., Proc SPIE , vol. 6078, pp. 495-502, 2006.
File: 12.674436.short
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article{Giese2006,
   author = {Giese, A. and Böhringer, H.J. and Leppert, J. and Kandelhardt, S.R. and Lankenau, E. and Koch, P. and Birngruber, R. and Hüttmann, G.},
   title = {Non-invasive intraoperative optical coherence tomography of the resection cavity during surgery of intrinsic brain tumors.},
   journal = {Proc SPIE},
   volume = {6078},
   pages = {495-502},
   year = { 2006},
url = {https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/6078/60782Z/Non-invasive-intraoperative-optical-coherence-tomography-of-the-resection-cavity/10.1117/12.674436.short},
   type = {Proceeding}
}
D. Daniltchenko, M. Sachs, E. Lankenau, F. König, M. Burckhardt, G. Kristiansen, D. Schnorr, S. Al-Shukri, and S. Löning,
Ex vivo and in vivo topographics studies of bladder by optical coherence tomography, in Saratov Fall Meeting 2004: Optical Technologies in Biophysics and Medicine VI , Tuchin, V., Eds. Proceedings 2005, 2005. pp. 209-14.
File: 12.634810.short
Bibtex: BibTeX
@inproceedings{Daniltchenko,
   author = {Daniltchenko, D. and Sachs, M. and Lankenau, E. and König, F. and Burckhardt, M. and Hüttmann, G. and Kristiansen, G. and Schnorr, D. and Al-Shukri, S. and Löning, S.},
   title = {Ex vivo and in vivo topographics studies of bladder by optical coherence tomography},
   booktitle = {Saratov Fall Meeting 2004: Optical Technologies in Biophysics and Medicine VI},
   editor = {Tuchin, V.},
   publisher = {Proceedings 2005},
   volume = {5771},
   pages = {209-14},
year = { 2005},
URL = {https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/5771/0000/Ex-vivo-and-in-vivo-topographic-studies-of-bladder-by/10.1117/12.634810.short}

}
D. Daniltchenko, E. Lankenau, F. König, B. Shay, M.D. Sachs, and D. Schnorr,
In Vivo Optical Coherence Tomography in Endoscopic Diagnosis of Bladder Disease, in Clinical technoligies and systems , Vo-Dinh, Tuan, Eds. Proc Soc Photo-Opt Instrum Eng, SPIE 2004, 2004, pp. 473-478.
Bibtex: BibTeX
@inbook{Daniltchenko,
   author = {Daniltchenko, D. and Lankenau, E. and König, F. and Shay, B. and Hüttmann, G. and Sachs, M.D. and Schnorr, D.},
   title = {In Vivo Optical Coherence Tomography in Endoscopic Diagnosis of Bladder Disease},
   booktitle = {Clinical technoligies and systems},
   editor = {Vo-Dinh, Tuan},
   publisher = {Proc Soc Photo-Opt Instrum Eng, SPIE 2004},
   volume = {5316},
   pages = {473-478},
   year = {2004}
}
E. Lankenau, M. Schumacher, P. Koch, F. König, D. Daniltchenko, and D. Schmorr,
Dispersion compensation for proximal scanning rigid OCT endoscopes, in SPIE Proc. , 2004. pp. 172-177.
File: 12.531312.short
Bibtex: BibTeX
@inproceedings{Lankenau,
   author = {Lankenau, E. and Schumacher, M. and Koch, P. and König, F. and Daniltchenko, D. and Schmorr, D. and Hüttmann, G.},
   title = {Dispersion compensation for proximal scanning rigid OCT endoscopes},
   booktitle = {SPIE Proc.},
   volume = {5316},
   pages = {172-177},
Year = { 2004},
URL = { https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/5316/0000/Dispersion-compensation-for-proximal-scanning-rigid-OCT-endoscopes/10.1117/12.531312.short}

}
M. Löning, E. Lankenau, C. Strunck, M. Krokowski, S. Hillbricht, and K. Diedrich,
Optische Kohärenztomographie - ein neues hochauflösendes Schnittbildverfahren als Ergänzung zur Kolposkopie, Geburtsh Frauenheilk , vol. 63, pp. 1158-1161, 2003.
Bibtex: BibTeX
@article{Löning,
   author = {Löning, M. and Lankenau, E. and Strunck, C. and Krokowski, M. and Hillbricht, S. and Diedrich, K. and Hüttmann, G.},
   title = {Optische Kohärenztomographie - ein neues hochauflösendes Schnittbildverfahren als Ergänzung zur Kolposkopie},
   journal = {Geburtsh Frauenheilk},
   volume = {63},
   pages = {1158-1161},
   year = {2003}
}